External Nitric Oxide Measurement Through SNO Degradation

S-nitrosylation is the covalent attachment of a nitric oxide group to cystine thiol within a protein to form an S-nitrosothiol (SNO); it has diverse regulatory roles in all mammalian cells and thus operates as a fundamental mechanism for cellular signaling and accounts for a large part of nitric oxide activity. Though SNOs are relevant to many biological disciplines like neuronal, muscular, respiratory, and cardiovascular biology, currently there is no way to measure SNOs that is both easy to use in a clinical setting and accurate in detecting low concentrations; detection is challenging due to the labile nature of the molecules. Low or high concentrations of these molecules could be vital indicators of incoming dangerous issues in the body. A system to easily and accurately measure SNOs could prove useful in preventative treatments. Ultra Violet (UV) light can break SNOs and can be used to measure nitric oxide release, but this method is not fully developed and further research is needed on the potential effect for UV to measure nitric oxide release.

Inclusion criteria

• Adult males or females age ≥ 1 day and ≤ 75 years at time of enrollment

Exclusion criteria

• Subjects meeting the following criteria will be excluded:
• Smokers.
• Any chronic skin conditions.
• Pregnant.
• Subjects that are unable or unwilling to cooperate with specimen collection.
• Subjects with diagnosis of any medical condition that in the investigator's opinion would make them unsuitable for study participation.
• (for subjects ≥ 18) Subjects that lack the capacity to consent for themselves.