Exergaming Revolution in Dementia

The SPPB is developed by the National Institute of Aging (NIA). It is an objective measurement instrument of balance, lower extremity strength, and functional capacity in older adults (> 65 years of age). The test battery consists of three physical tasks (walking, sit-to-stand and balance) to assess functional mobility. The test will be performed according to standardised procedure. The maximal total score is 12 and higher total scores indicate a better lower extremity functioning.

The SPPB is developed by the National Institute of Aging (NIA). It is an objective measurement instrument of balance, lower extremity strength, and functional capacity in older adults (> 65 years of age). The test battery consists of three physical tasks (walking, sit-to-stand and balance) to assess functional mobility. The test will be performed according to standardised procedure. The maximal total score is 12 and higher total scores indicate a better lower extremity functioning.

The MoCA is a objective instrument, which is designed for milder forms of major neurocognitive disorders, contains 12 items to assess seven cognitive domains: memory, language, executive functions, visuospatial skills, attention, concentration, abstraction, calculation, and orientation. The maximal total score is 30 and higher total score indicate less cognitive impairment. A cut-off score of 26 signifies mild cognitive impairment.

The NPI-Q assesses psychopathological problems and is designed to be a self-administered questionnaire completed by caregivers. The questionnaire screening symptom severity and caregiver distress of the following 12 domains: delusions, hallucinations, agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, anxiety, euphoria/elation, apathy/indifference, disinhibition, irritability/lability, aberrant motor behaviour, night-time behaviour disturbance, and appetite and eating abnormalities. The symptom severity scale ranging from 1 to 3. The caregiver distress scale ranging from 0 to 5. The NPI total score is calculated by multiplying the frequency and severity rates per domain and adding them up. The total score ranges from 0 to 144, with higher score indicating hight severity and higher distress.

The observation based CSDD, in the form of an interview with the caregiver assesses symptoms of depression. The CSDD consists of 19 items and each one is scored on a 3-point scale ranging from 0 to 2. Items are clustered into five categories: mood, behavioural disturbance, physical signs, cyclic functions, and ideational disturbance. The maximum score is 38, and higher score indicating more depressive symptoms.

The QOL-AD is a brief, 13-item which assesses individual's relationships with friends and family, concerns about finances, physical condition, mood, and an overall assessment of life quality. It is designed to acquire a rating of the patient's Quality of Life from both the patient and the caregiver. It uses simple and straightforward language and responses and includes assessments of the caregivers complete the measure as a questionnaire about their patients' QOL, while patients complete it in interview format about their own QOL. The 13 items are rated on a four-point Likert scale, with 1 being poor and 4 being excellent. Total scores range from 13 to 52. The sum of all items; patient and caregiver reports can be evaluated separately and/or combined into a single score if desired.

The interviewer-administered Katz ADL Index assesses participants' function in terms of level of independence or dependence when performing certain daily living activities. It consists of six items: bathing, dressing, transfers, toileting, continence, and feeding. Each item is scored 0 (dependence) or 1 (independence) with a maximum score of 6, which indicates more independence.

Self-reported Questionnaire assesses overall sleep quality. Item score are summed up with the maximal total score of 30. Higher score indicate poorer sleep quality.

Numbers of Falls during 12 weeks prior to baseline and during the 12 weeks to follow up according to the patient's medical record will be assessed.

GENEActiv is a lightweight and waterproof medical device that delivers continuous recording of high-resolution acceleration that allows a person's daily activities to be classified, second by second, in terms of the time spent lying, sitting, standing, stepping and sleep parameters such as total sleep time, sleep efficiency and body temperature (e.g., circadian rhythm).

Radar-based contactless technology measuring body position and respiratory rate.