Examining Whether Project Support Works

Caregivers will complete the Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy (TOPSE). Responses to this questionnaire assess several domains of parenting. Responses to items assessing parenting self-efficacy (e.g., "I am able to comfort my child") are made on a 11-point scale (0 = completely disagree, 10 = completely agree). Responses are summed to create a total score. This outcome measure will be assessed by comparing both within- and between-person changes in parenting self-efficacy from baseline to post-test.

Caregivers and children will complete convergent versions of the Parent Behavior Inventory. Responses to this questionnaire assess several domains of parenting. Responses to items assessing supportive/engaged parenting (e.g., "I listen to ___'s feelings and try to understand them") are made on a 6-point scale (0 = not at all true to 5 = very true). Responses are summed to create a total score. This outcome measure will be assessed by comparing within- and between-person changes in supportive parenting from baseline to post-test.

Research staff will review clinical records to determine whether participants attended their intake session. This will be coded dichotomously as whether or not the family attends the intake appointment ( 0 = did not attend intake, 1 = attended intake). Families will be determined to have attended their intake if this is noted either in clinic records as "in treatment" or if there is an "intake note" available in the clinical record. We will monitor the status of intake attendance for up to 4 months after the family completes participation in the post-test assessment.

Caregivers and children will complete convergent versions of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist. Responses to items on this questionnaire measuring child psychological distress (e.g., "Feels sad, unhappy") are made on a 3-point scale (0 = never, 1 = sometimes, 2 = often). Responses are summed to create a total score, with higher scores indicating greater psychological distress. This outcome measure will be assessed by comparing within and between-person changes in child psychological distress from baseline to post-test.

Children will complete the Child Attributions and Perceptions Scale (CAPS) assessing their self-blame appraisals (e.g., "Do you blame yourself when things go wrong?") on a 5-point scale (1 = never to 5 = always). Responses are summed to create a total score, with higher scores indicating greater self-blame. This outcome measure will be assessed by comparing within- and between-person change from baseline to post-test.