Evolutionary Therapy for Rhabdomyosarcoma

Inclusion criteria

• Participants must have a new histologic diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma
• Participants must have FISH, PCR or other molecular confirmation of PAX/FOXO1 fusion per institutional standards
• Participants must have sufficient tissue (up to 10 unstained FFPE) for correlative testing
• All participants must have distant metastatic disease; either biopsy positive or PET avid extranodal or distant nodal lesions determined by the investigator to be metastatic disease. Patients with a single distant metastatic site that has been excised prior to study entry are eligible
• No prior systemic chemotherapy
• Participants enrolled to Arm B, maintenance, must be able to take oral cyclophosphamide. Note: enteral administration of cyclophosphamide is allowable.
• Males and females of reproductive potential may not participate unless they have agreed to the use of, at minimum, two methods of contraception during and after treatment or abstinence.
• Women of childbearing potential should adhere to contraception for a period of 4 months after completion of systematic chemotherapy administration
• Men who are sexually active with women of child bearing potential should adhere to contraception for a period of 4 months after completion of systematic chemotherapy administration
• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent or assent document.

Exclusion criteria

• Participants with regional lymph nodes as the only site of disease are not eligible. Distant nodal sites alone are eligible
• Participants who are receiving any other investigational agents for rhabdomyosarcoma are ineligible
• Participants must not be receiving any additional medicines being given for the specific purpose of treating cancer. Alternative medications including, but not limited to cannabis based products would not be a reason for exclusion
• Participants are ineligible if they have uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to:

• ongoing or active infection not expected to resolve with current antibiotic plan
• cardiac arrhythmia
• psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
• Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding are not eligible because there is no available information regarding human fetal or teratogenic toxicities. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 24 hours of starting protocol therapy.
• Participants who are considered unable to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study are not eligible