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Completed

NCT Number: NCT05579821

Evaluation Study of DPP® Typhoid Assay

Fever management is a major problem in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) where access to good quality diagnostic test is often unavailable. Fever due to typhoid is similar to other undifferentiated febrile illnesses and typhoid can be mistaken with other vector borne febrile illnesses such as scrub typhus. Currently available diagnostic tests, blood and bone marrow culture, and RDTs have several limitations including a low sensitivity and specificity . Recently, several antigens of Salmonella Typhi useful for serodiagnosis of typhoid has been identified. Salmonella Typhi lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and hemolysin E (HlyE) have been identified as top candidate antigens by several studies to differentiate acute typhoid patients from healthy individuals. DPP® Typhoid Assay is a multiplex rapid test that detects IgA antibodies to LPS and HlyE antigen. It is considered to have high sensitivity and specificity and its results were found to be highly correlated with ELISA results. However, very few studies have been conducted to evaluate this test and limited information about the accuracy of this test is present. Hence, this study will evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of this test in archived serum sample of well characterized blood culture positives and negatives in support of new innovation on typhoid diagnostics.

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Key information

Conditions

Typhoid Fever Bacterial Infections Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Enterobacteriaceae Infections Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections Salmonella Infections

Age range

2 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Aga Khan University

Karachi, Pakistan

About this study

Typhoid is an acute febrile illness caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). Annually, an estimated 11-21 million people become infected with typhoid fever and 128000-161000 people die from the disease . It is commonly transmitted through consumption of contaminated food or water. Low and middle-income countries and areas with poor access to safe water, food and sanitation are at higher risk of infection.

Blood and bone marrow culture is considered as the mainstay for laboratory confirmation of typhoid. However, it is expensive, requires specific laboratory equipment and technical expertise and takes longer time to generate results. Several RDTs and Widal test are available which do not require specialized laboratory and well-trained staff but lack sensitivity and specificity. Several studies have been done for identification of promising antigens that can be used to develop an accurate serodiagnostic assay. S. Typhi lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and hemolysin E (HlyE) have been identified as top candidate antigens by several studies to differentiate acute typhoid patients from healthy individuals. HlyE is a pore-forming toxin that affects bacterial growth within human macrophages and contributes to the cytotoxicity and invasion of epithelial cells.

Dual Path Platform (DPP) Typhoid Assay of Chembio is a point-of-care (POC) immunochromatographic technology which has the capability of measuring IgA response in blood, plasma and serum to both LPS and HlyE. A previous study done on this POC showed promising sensitivity and specificity to diagnose typhoid.Thus, the current study aims to assess the sensitivity and specificity of DPP ® Typhoid Assay using blood culture as the reference point.

Who can participate

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Inclusion criteria identical to the prior prospective study in AKU (Protocol ref number: FE006)
  • Serum stored frozen at AKU as a part of afore mentioned study and cold-chain maintained.

Exclusion criteria

  • Samples whose reference standard data (Blood culture report) are not available in FIND's OpenClinica database.

Treatment and study plan

Typhoid DPP assay

Diagnostic Test

The index test used in this study diagnose typhoid fever by detecting IgA antibodies against LPS and HlyE antigen in patient's serum.

Primary outcomes

  1. Point estimates of sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence interval of DPP Typhoid assay using blood culture as reference standard

    Time frame: October 2022

Secondary outcomes

  1. Estimates of operational characteristics of DPP Typhoid Assay, based on quantitative assessment including invalid rates

    Time frame: Nov 2022

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Switzerland

Other

Collaborators

  • Aga Khan University

Registry information

Official study title

Evaluation of DPP® Typhoid Assay (Chembio Diagnostic System, Inc) for the Diagnosis of Typhoid From Well Characterized Serum Sample.

Important dates

Study start
2022
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2023
First posted
Oct 14, 2022
Registry last updated
Nov 21, 2023

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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