Evaluation of the Results of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Non-selective closed kinetic chain exercises and or selective closed kinetic chain exercises has been shown to increase Vastus medialis obliquus muscle power in patellofemoral pain syndrome. However, the superiority of the exercises to each other has not been shown.

This study aimed to evaluating the effects of different exercises on the stiffness of the Vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis muscles, pain management, functional scores, and thigh circumferences.

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Key information

Conditions

Exercise Training Behavior Motor Activity Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

17 year–60 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

About this study

This randomized-controlled clinical trial included 40 patients (20 male and 20 female) who were admitted to hospital and who were clinically diagnosed with single-sided patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) and 40 healthy controls (20 male and 20 female). Each group were randomized into subgroups according to diseased side of the PFPS group (40 knees), healthy side of the PFPS group (40 knees) and both side of the healthy control group (80 knees). Randomization was applied with random-number generator (Research Randomizer. Version 4.0). Only one of the authors was aware of randomization. Examiner and patient were blind to the relevant group. Non-selective closed kinetic chain and selective closed kinetic chain exercises were applied for 6 weeks in all groups. Thigh circumference measurement was performed 5-10 cm above the upper pole of the patella. In addition, evaluation was made with visual analog score (VAS) and Lysholm Knee Score (LKS) score. Vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles of the participants were measured with Shear Wave Elastography 1 day before the therapy and 6 weeks after therapy. Written informed consent was taken from each patient.This study is in line with the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was obtained by the Local Ethics Committee (17/07/2016-258642).

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Having peripatellar/retropatellar pain while sitting,going up and down the stairs
Walking for a long time, crouching down, running, and kneeling down
Having a VAS score of ≥3 during the evaluation and not developing these symptoms on a traumatic basis

Exclusion criteria

Tendinitis
Osgood-Schlatter Syndrome
Traumatic hip or knee injuries
Osteoarthritis
Plica syndrome
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome
Ligamentous instability
Spinal pain
Chondral lesion
Patellar tendon pathology
Distraction apophysitis of knee circumference

Treatment and study plan

Non-selective closed kinetic chain exercises (NSKCE) and selective closed kinetic chain exercises (SCKCE)

Other

Non-selective closed kinetic chain double-leg semi-squat exercise In this exercise, the standing patient leans his or her back against the wall and slides down the wall until the knees are about 45 degrees flexed. Daily program was determined as 5 sessions and 10 repeats. The knee stayed at flexion position for 10 seconds in each repeat, which aimed the contraction of quadriceps muscle. There is a relaxation period for 5 seconds between each repeat.

Selective closed kinetic chain double-leg semi-squat exercise with hip adduction In this exercise, the standing patient leans his or her back against the wall, forces the knees for adduction by squeezing the pillow placed between the knees and slides down the wall until the knees are about 45 degrees flexed. Daily program was determined as 5 sessions and 10 repeats.

Primary outcomes

Shear Wave Elastography

Time frame: 1 day before exercise program

Measurement of muscle strength before exercises
Shear Wave Elastography

Time frame: 6 weeks after exercise program

Measurement of muscle strength after exercises

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Taksim Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi

Other Gov

Registry information

Official study title

Evaluation of The Results of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises Applied in The Conservative Treatment of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome by Means of Shear Wave Elastography: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Important dates

Study start: 2016
Primary completion: 2016
Study completion: 2018
First posted: Jun 22, 2022
Registry last updated: Jun 22, 2022

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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