Evaluation of Serum Ceramides C16, C24, and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) in Patients With Acne Vulgaris

Acne vulgaris involves complex biochemical and immunologic mechanisms that extend beyond the traditional concepts of follicular obstruction and increased sebum production. Emerging evidence highlights the contribution of systemic lipid mediators-particularly sphingolipids-in influencing keratinocyte behavior, sebaceous gland activity, and inflammatory signaling pathways. Disturbances in circulating ceramides and their downstream metabolites may reflect dysregulated lipid homeostasis that parallels the clinical manifestations of acne.

In this study, specific attention is given to three sphingolipid biomarkers that have been increasingly linked to cutaneous biology: Ceramide C16, Ceramide C24, and Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). These molecules participate in cell differentiation, apoptosis, and immune responses, and their altered levels may provide insight into acne-related metabolic shifts. By quantitatively assessing their serum concentrations in affected individuals and comparing them with healthy subjects, the study aims to characterize potential biochemical patterns associated with disease presence and activity.

All biological samples will be processed using a validated LC-MS/MS analytical platform to ensure precise measurement of each sphingolipid species. The findings may help to clarify whether systemic sphingolipid disturbances contribute to acne pathophysiology and could support the development of lipid-based biomarkers or therapeutic strategies in future dermatologic research.

Inclusion criteria

• For Case Group

This group will consist of (40) patients :

• Both males and females aged 15-40 years.
• Mild, Moderate, severe and very severe cases will be included. 5

For Control Group:

• This group will consist of age- and sex-matched (40) healthy volunteers.

Exclusion criteria

• Presence of any dermatological condition other than acne vulgaris (for cases).

• Use of systemic or topical treatment such as isotretinoin or antibiotics within the last 3 months.
• Pregnancy or lactation.
• History of lipid-lowering therapy or supplements affecting ceramide or sphingolipid metabolism.