Evaluation of Nurse-led Integrated Care of Complex Patients Facilitated By Telemonitoring: The SMaRT Study

The overall objective of this study is to design, implement, and evaluate SMaRT Clinics at four hospitals across Ontario serving complex patients transitioning home from the hospital in urban, suburban and rural settings. Instead of developing new technology for the nurse-led SMaRT Clinic, an existing validated TM system that is able to monitor patients with multiple chronic conditions, named Medly, was chosen. Medly was developed at eHealth Innovation (now called the Centre for Digital Therapeutics), UHN and was designed to monitor a medley of chronic conditions, and has been evaluated in trials for single chronic conditions and multiple chronic conditions. For the purposes of this trial, Medly will enable the TM of heart failure, COPD, diabetes, hypertension, and depression.

The patient-facing technology includes the Medly smartphone application (app). The app enables patients to complete symptom surveys and record physiological measures using peripheral devices relevant to their chronic condition (e.g., weight scale, blood pressure monitor, and/or blood glucose monitoring). Designed as a modular app, features and parameters to be monitored can be added and removed, and target values for each parameter (e.g. blood pressure) can be individualized according to the needs of each patient. The inputted measures are processed by an embedded rules-based algorithm (customized to the patient by the setting of target thresholds) which triggers appropriate self-care messages being displayed to the patient within the app (e.g., instructing patients to take their prescribed medication, informing patients to contact their care team, etc.). Other features of the Medly app include the ability to view a historical record of their inputted readings, view graphical trends of blood glucose and blood pressure values, and to assist with adherence, an automated phone call to remind patients if they have not yet taken their readings by the appropriate time for their condition.

The clinician-facing technology includes the Medly dashboard. To support clinical decision-making, clinicians are alerted to clinically significant changes to patient health status and are able to assess alerts generated by the embedded algorithm and review patient data, including which parameters triggered the alert, prescribed medications, graphical trends of lab results and relevant measures, and contact information. Clinicians may also be informed of triggered alerts through email notifications. Information presented on the Medly dashboard may be leveraged to inform clinical decision-making throughout the patient's follow-up care journey.

Inclusion criteria

• 18 years of age or older
• Discharged from hospital or seen within 48 hours of discharge at Health Sciences North (HSN), William Osler Health Systems (WOHS), Women's College Hospital (WCH), and Markham Stouffville Hospital (MSH).
• Have at least one complex chronic condition (i.e., heart failure, complex obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, diabetes, and/or depression) that would benefit if monitored through telemonitoring.
• Able to comply with use of the telemonitoring application and applicable peripheral devices (e.g., able to stand on the weight scale, able to answer symptom questions, etc.)
• Able to read, write and speak English or have a caregiver who is able to do so on their behalf.
• Patients must have been discharged from hospital within 2 weeks during their recruitment into the study (or will be recruited prior to their discharge).

Exclusion criteria

• Patients who are discharged from hospital with the intent to be admitted to a long-term care facility will be excluded.