Evaluation of Kaletra Therapy Over the Long-term

Standard genotypic resistance assays were developed for HIV-1 viral load levels greater than 500 to 1000 copies per milliliter (mL). All 3 protocols recommended this testing be done at Baseline prior to lopinavir/ritonavir therapy and (if possible) in cases of virologic failure. The exact timing varied and depended on whether there was an adequate viral load and physician clinical judgment. Participants with resistance to lopinavir/ritonavir, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) at Baseline and follow-up are reported.

All 3 protocols recommended that HIV viral load tests be performed at Baseline and each study visit. Study visits were to occur at approximately Weeks 4, 12, and 24, followed by 12-week intervals up to Week 144 in therapy-naive participants and up to Week 240 in the pre-treated and non-B subtype groups. The percentage of participants with HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) less than 50 copies/mL at each time point is presented by subgroup.

All 3 protocols recommended that HIV viral load tests be performed at Baseline and each study visit. Study visits were to occur at approximately Weeks 4, 12, and 24, followed by 12-week intervals up to Week 144 in therapy-naive participants and up to Week 240 in the pre-treated and non-B subtype groups. The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA levels of 50 to less than 200 copies/mL at each time point is presented by subgroup.

All 3 protocols recommended that HIV viral load tests be performed at Baseline and each study visit. Study visits were to occur at approximately Weeks 4, 12, and 24, followed by 12-week intervals up to Week 144 in therapy-naive participants and up to Week 240 in the pre-treated and non-B subtype groups. The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA levels of 200 to less than 500 copies/mL at each time point is presented by subgroup.

All 3 protocols recommended that HIV viral load tests be performed at Baseline and each study visit. Study visits were to occur at approximately Weeks 4, 12, and 24, followed by 12-week intervals up to Week 144 in therapy-naive participants and up to Week 240 in the pre-treated and non-B subtype groups. The percentage of participants with more than 500 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL at each time point is presented by subgroup.

The evolution of participants' CD4-positive (CD4+) T-lymphocyte counts after starting the lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimen was to be assessed by measuring the number of CD4+ cells at baseline and each subsequent study visit. Study visits were to occur at approximately Weeks 4, 12, 24, followed by 12-week intervals up to Week 144 in therapy-naive participants and up to Week 240 in the pre-treated and non-B subtype groups. CD4+ cell count results are reported as the change from Baseline in the absolute number of CD4+ cells per microliter.