Evaluation of Effectiveness and Safety of Paliperidone Extended Release in Patients With Schizoaffective Disorder.

The PANSS is a 30-item scale (range 30-210) designed to assess various symptoms of schizophrenia including delusions, grandiosity, blunted affect, poor attention, and poor impulse control. The 30 symptoms are rated on a 7-point scale that ranges from 1 (absent) to 7 (extreme psychopathology). The PANSS total score consists of the sum of all 30 PANSS items. Higher scores indicate worsening.

The PANSS is a 30-item scale (range 30-210) designed to assess various symptoms of schizophrenia including delusions, grandiosity, blunted affect, poor attention, and poor impulse control. The 30 symptoms are rated on a 7-point scale that ranges from 1 (absent) to 7 (extreme psychopathology). The PANSS total score consists of the sum of all 30 PANSS items. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Response is defined as a 30% or more reduction from baseline in PANSS total score and a CGI-C score of <= 2. (CGI-C-SCA: Clinical Global Impression of Change for Schizoaffective Disorder). The PANSS is a 30-item scale (range 30-210) designed to assess various symptoms of schizophrenia including delusions, grandiosity, blunted affect, poor attention, and poor impulse control. The CGI-S rating scale is a 7 point global assessment that measures the clinician's impression of the severity of illness exhibited by a subject.

Positive Syndrome Scale (range 7-49): Sum of scores for items 1-7 in positive subscale: delusions, conceptual disorganization, hallucinatory behavior, excitement, grandiosity, suspiciousness/persecution, and hostility. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Negative Syndrome Scale (range 7-49): Sum of scores for items 1-7 in negative subscale: blunted effect, emotional withdrawal, poor rapport, passive apathetic social withdrawal, difficulty in abstract thinking, lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation, and stereotyped thinking. Higher scores indicate worsening.

General Psychopathology (range 16-112): Sum of scores for somatic concern, anxiety, guilt feelings, tension, mannerisms/posturing, depression, motor retardation, uncooperativeness, unusual thought content, disoriented, poor attention, lack of judgment/insight, disturbance of volition, poor impulse control, preoccupation, and active social avoidance. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Positive PANSS Factor Score (range 8-56): Sum of scores for items 1, 3, 5, and 6 in positive subscale: delusions, hallucinatory behavior, grandiosity, suspiciousness; item 7 in negative subscale: stereotyped thinking; and items 1, 9, and 12 in general psychopathology subscale: somatic concern, unusual thought content, lack of judgment, and insight. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Negative PANSS Factor Score (range 7-49): Sum of scores for items 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 in negative subscale: blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, poor rapport, passive social withdrawal, lack of spontaneity; and items 7 and 16 in general psychopathology subscale: motor retardation, and active social avoidance. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Disorganized Thoughts PANSS Factor Score (range 7-49): Sum of scores for item 2 in positive subscale:Conceptual disorganization; item 5 in negative subscale:difficulty in abstract thinking; and items 5, 10, 11, 13, and 15 in general psychopathology subscale: mannerisms/posturing, disorientation, poor attention, disturbance of volition, and preoccupation. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Uncontrolled Hostility/Excitement PANSS Factor Score (range 4-28): Sum of scores for items 4 and 7 in positive subscale: excitement, hostility; and items 8 and 14 in general psychopathology subscale: uncooperativeness, and poor impulse control. Higher scores indicate worsening.

Anxiety/Depression PANSS Factor Score (range 4-28): Sum of scores for items 2, 3, 4, and 6 in general psychopathology subscale: Anxiety, Guilt feelings, Tension, Depression. Higher scores indicate worsening.

The CGI-S rating scale is a 7 point global assessment that measures the clinician's impression of the severity of illness exhibited by a subject. A rating of 1 is equivalent to "Normal, not at all ill" and a rating of 7 is equivalent to "Among the most extremely ill subjects".

The CGI-S rating scale is a 7 point global assessment that measures the clinician's impression of the severity of illness exhibited by a subject. A rating of 1 is equivalent to "Normal, not at all ill" and a rating of 7 is equivalent to "Among the most extremely ill subjects".

The CGI-C rating scale is a 7 point global assessment that measures the clinician's impression of the change occurring in the illness over a course of treatment, relative to baseline. A rating of 4 is equivalent to "No change". Ratings of <4 are equivalent to "improvement" and ratings of > 4 are equivalent to "worsening".

Clinician-rated scale that evaluates depressed mood as well as the vegetative and cognitive symptoms of depression. The items are rated on either a 5-point (0 to 4) or a 3-point (0 to 2) scale. The 5-point scale uses a rating of 0 (absent), 1 (doubtful to mild), 2 (mild to moderate), 3 (moderate to severe), and 4 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worsening. The responses are summed to yield the HAM-D-21 score that ranges from 0-63.

Clinician-rated scale that evaluates depressed mood as well as the vegetative and cognitive symptoms of depression. The items are rated on either a 5-point (0 to 4) or a 3-point (0 to 2) scale. The 5-point scale uses a rating of 0 (absent), 1 (doubtful to mild), 2 (mild to moderate), 3 (moderate to severe), and 4 (very severe). Higher scores indicate worsening. The responses are summed to yield the HAM-D-21 score that ranges from 0-63.

11-item scale (elevated mood, increased motor activity, sexual interest, sleep, irritability, speech [rate/amount], language-thought disorder, content, disruptive-aggressive behaviors, appearance, and insight) based on subject's report of his or her condition and clinician's behavioral observations during the interview, with emphasis on the latter. Higher scores indicate worsening. The responses are summed to yield the YMRS total score, which ranges from 0 to 60.

11-item scale (elevated mood, increased motor activity, sexual interest, sleep, irritability, speech [rate/amount], language-thought disorder, content, disruptive-aggressive behaviors, appearance, and insight) based on subject's report of his or her condition and clinician's behavioral observations during the interview, with emphasis on the latter. Higher scores indicate worsening. The responses are summed to yield the YMRS total score, which ranges from 0 to 60.