Evaluation of ClearPlasma in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) is one of the most common gastrointestinal emergencies, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (AUGIH) management guidelines call for aggressive hemodynamic resuscitation, prevention and treatment of complications and treatment of bleeding, which generally includes endoscopic intervention and transfusion of appropriate blood components. However, in many cases, spontaneous hyperfibrinolysis occurs, jeopardizing pharmacological control of AUGIH. Antifibrinolytic drugs are considered effective in counteracting hyperfibrinolysis, but are associated with various side effects, such as neurotoxicity and accelerated fibrinolysis upon prolonged use.

Fibrin clot breakdown is actively mediated by plasmin, a serine protease which cleaves fibrin. Administration of plasma depleted of plasminogen, the precursor of plasmin, may shift the balance towards coagulation.

PlasFree Ltd. has developed ClearPlasma, a single-use, extracorporeal plasma filtration device which extracts plasminogen from plasma to reduce fibrinolysis. The resulting plasminogen-depleted plasma (PDP) is expected to reduce risk of fibrinolysis and re-bleeding in Patients undergoing plasma transfusions.

Inclusion criteria

• 1. Patients aged ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years old. 2. Patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (> 0.5 L), diagnosed by presence of blood in gastric lavage, hematemesis or melena within no longer than 24 h before enrolment.

• Patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (< 24 h) for which fresh frozen plasma (FFP) has been ordered.

• Patients understanding the nature of the study and providing their informed consent to participation.

• Patients willing and able to attend the follow-up visits and procedures foreseen by the study protocol.

Exclusion criteria

Patients who underwent a plasma infusion in the 30 days before enrolment. 2. Patients in a life-threatening condition at the time of enrolment (i.e. heart attack).

• Patients who are hemodynamically unstable and required pressor administration at the time of enrolment (i.e. with hypovolemic shock) 4. Patients with known renal failure (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min) at the time of enrolment.

• Patients suffering from Hemophilia A or B. 6. Patients suffering from venous and arterial thromboembolic events within 3 months before the enrolment.

• Patients with increased risk of blood clotting, according to Investigator's judgement.

• Patients with fluid accumulation in the brain at the time of enrolment. 9. Patients with retinal thrombosis at the time of enrolment. 10. Patients with measured body weight < 45 kg at the time of enrolment. 11. Patients with history of allergic reaction to plasma, polyethersyplone or polycarbonate.

• Patients suffering from IgA deficiency at the time of enrolment. 13. Patients with history of hemorrhage while on anticoagulant treatment (warfarin, apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, low molecular weight heparin).

• Patients identified by the Investigator to have any underlying medical Clinicalconditions that may preclude conduct of study procedure (i.e. making the administration of study treatment hazardous) or obscure the interpretation of safety objectives.

• Patients who are participating or have participated in other clinical studies within the 30 days before the study enrolment.

• Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding or who wish to become pregnant during the period of the clinical investigation and for 3 months later.

• Female Patients of childbearing age (less than 12 months after the last menstrual cycle) who do not use adequate contraception *.Methods at low risk of contraceptive failure (less than 1% per year) when used consistently, including: combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation (oral, intravaginal, transdermal), progestogen-only hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation (oral, injectable, implantable), some intra-uterine devices.

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