Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Drug-Coated Autoperfusion Balloons Versus Conventional Drug-Coated Balloons Guided by IVUS-OCT Multimodal Imaging for Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction: OPERA-AMI Study

Inclusion criteria

• Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Meeting PPCI Criteria: 1) Chest pain lasting more than 20 minutes, with ST-segment elevation of at least 1 mm in two or more adjacent leads, new left bundle branch block, or evidence of posterior wall myocardial infarction; 2) Onset of symptoms within 12 hours.
• Patients Who Have Received Thrombolytic Therapy Within 6 Hours of Symptom Onset and Are Eligible for Rescue PCI Within 24 Hours;
• Infarct-Related Artery Selection Imaging and Pre-Treatment Criteria Meeting PPCI Standards: 1) De novo lesions. 2) Reference vessel diameter between 2.5 mm and 4 mm. 3) Successful pre-treatment of target lesions: post-pre-treatment residual stenosis of the culprit vessel ≤ 30%, with no type C dissections (or intravascular imaging indicating significant residual plaque burden at the site of dissection, with transverse expansion > 60°, longitudinal expansion > 2 mm, dissection involving the media or adventitia, and located at the distal end of the stent), no hematoma, and no significant thrombus (TIMI thrombus burden grade ≤ 2);
• Sufficient compliance with the study protocol, agreement to undertake follow-up, and coronary angiography at 9 months;
• Voluntary Participation in This Study, Including Signing a Written Informed Consent with Understanding of All Risks and Benefits Described in the Informed Consent Document.

Exclusion criteria

• Age < 18 years and > 75 years;
• History of prior myocardial infarction;
• Allergy to contrast agent/inability to tolerate contrast;
• Known contraindications / inability to tolerate bivalirudin, fondaparinux, heparin, aspirin, clopidogrel, and/or ticagrelor;
• Complex coronary lesions: left main lesions, lesions at the ostia of the left anterior descending or circumflex arteries, lesion length > 30 mm, severe calcification, severe tortuosity or angulation, bifurcation lesions requiring the implantation of more than two drug-coated balloons (DCBs) or drug-eluting stents;
• In-stent restenosis or in-stent thrombus lesions;
• Planned simultaneous intervention on non-target lesions;
• Active bleeding or recent history of bleeding;
• Uncertain neurological outcomes, such as resuscitation;
• Intubation / ventilation;
• Cardiogenic shock prior to randomization;
• Known intracranial disease (tumors, aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, hemorrhagic CVA, ischemic CVA/TIA within the last 6 months, including permanent neurological deficits from ischemic cerebrovascular disease) ;
• Refusal of blood transfusion;
• Planned major surgery within 6 weeks;
• Stent implantation < 1 month prior to enrollment;
• Life expectancy of less than 12 months;
• Participation in another clinical trial that interferes with this study.