Evaluate the Effect of Remote Exercise Intervention on Blood Glucose Control and Physical Fitness in T2DM Patients

Inclusion criteria

(1) Both gender, age from 40 to 69 years old. (2) Meeting the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes in China. (3) HbA1c is within 6.5%-7 .0% and no medication is taken. (4) Newly diagnosed with diabetes or the duration of the disease is no more than 5 years. (5) Possessing general exercise capacity and no obvious diseases in the muscle and osteoarticular systems. (6) The exercise risk is evaluated as medium or low risk through the PAR-Q+ questionnaire. (7) No contraindications to exercise tests. (8) Willing to adopt intensifed lifestyle intervention and complete the entire research process.

Exclusion criteria

(1) T1DM patients, autoimmune diabetes and special types of diabetes, including hypercortisolism, growth hormone tumor, glucagonoma and some special types of diabetes caused by genetic factors; (2) pregnant or lactating women; (3) regular use of antidiabetic drugs or insulin in the past three months; (4) fasting blood glucose level > 16.7 mmol/L; (5) recurrent hypoglycemia; (6) a history of acute diabetic complications, including diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemia, and lactic acidosis; (7) a history of severe chronic microvascular or macrovascular complications; (8) diseases that may be exacerbated by exercise or impair exercise efciency, such as uncontrolled hypertension, hyperthyroidism, osteoarthritis or hypokalemia; (9) unable to use smart phones or wearable smart devices independently; (10) communication or motor dysfunction; (11) Patients with severe chronic diseases could not participate in the study.