Estimation of the Difference Between the Temperature of the Peritoneal Microenvironment and the Central Body Temperature During Laparoscopic Surgery. Prospective Observational Study

Prospective unblinded observational study to measure the difference between central and peritoneal temperature during laparoscopic surgery.

CO2 insufflation at the peritoneal level to generate the pneumoperitoneum necessary to perform laparoscopic surgery results in a decrease in peritoneal temperature greater than that generated at the central level (esophageal temperature).

The potential long-term advantages of maintaining normothermia at the peritoneal level during laparoscopic surgery may derive from the reversal of the harmful effects of hypothermia at the level of the peritoneal microenvironment since the regional hypoxia resulting from vasoconstriction and the inhibition of functionality cellular that can favor complications such as bleeding or suture dehiscence.

On the other hand, the immune system can be affected by regional hypothermia in several ways. First, postoperative vasoconstriction restricts metabolic heat to the central regions of the body and accelerates overheating, but can simultaneously reduce tissue perfusion by inhibiting oxidative destruction of neutrophils, which is the first line of defense against bacterial contamination. Second, hypothermia reduces systemic immunity and decreases macrophage motility. Third, hypothermia reduces the recovery capacity necessary for wound contamination.

Inclusion criteria

• Patients older than 18 years.
• Classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA I-III).
• Patients who do not have cognitive deficits.
• Prior signed informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Refusal of the patient to participate in the study.