Epidural Stimulation After Neurologic Damage: Long-Term Outcomes

Participants will be enrolled in this study for the duration of 10 years. They will need to come to Minneapolis twice a year for the Brain Motor Control Assessment and will be given different settings within their Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) programing.

Inclusion criteria

• 22 years of age or older
• Able to undergo the informed consent process
• Stable spinal cord injury
• International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) neurologic level of injury below C5
• No ventilator dependency within the last year
• American Spinal Injury Association (AISA) imparement scale"A" or "B" in the absence of spinal cord stimulation
• Medically stable in the judgment of the Principal investigator
• Greater than 1 year since initial injury and at least 6 months from any required spinal instrumentation and 2 months from spinal cord stimulator surgery
• Has an existing and functional implanted spinal cord stimulator system that is FDA approved and can be corroborated by hospital documentation
• Spinal imaging of the stimulator system

Exclusion criteria

• Current and anticipated need for opioid pain medications or pain that would prevent full participation in the rehabilitation program in the judgment of the principal investigator
• Use of botulinum toxin (Botox) injections in the previous six months
• Clinically significant mental illness in the judgment of the principal investigator
• Other conditions or medications that would make the subject unable to participate in testing/rehabilitation in the judgment of the principal investigator
• Nonfunctional spinal cord stimulator or near end-of-life, determined by the PI
• Current Pregnancy
• Current pain relief from the spinal cord stimulator if the indication for implantation was for management of chronic pain.