Eltrombopag Plus Telitacicept vs. Eltrombopag Alone for Steroid-refractory/Relapsed ITP

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥18 years, regardless of sex.
• Clinically diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia for at least 3 months prior to enrollment. Platelet count <30×10⁹/L within 48 hours before the first dose of study drug.
• Previous failure (ineffective, unable to maintain response, or relapse) to first-line standard corticosteroid therapy for ITP as recommended by guidelines.
• Any prior emergency treatment for ITP (e.g., corticosteroids, platelet transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin) must have been completed at least 2 weeks before the first dose.
• Patients receiving maintenance corticosteroid therapy must be on a stable dose for at least 2 weeks prior to the first dose; patients receiving immunosuppressants (e.g., azathioprine, danazol, cyclosporine A, tacrolimus, sirolimus, etc.) must be on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks prior to the first dose; anti-CD20 antibody therapy must have been completed >3 months prior.

Understand the study procedures and voluntarily provide written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Received anti-CD20 antibody therapy within 3 months.
• Uncontrolled primary disease of vital organs, such as malignant tumors, liver failure, heart failure, renal failure, etc.
• Positive for HIV.
• Uncontrolled active viral or bacterial infections, including positive for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, or syphilis.
• Extensive and severe bleeding, such as hemoptysis, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, etc.
• Currently have cardiac disease requiring treatment, arrhythmia, or hypertension poorly controlled as judged by the investigator.
• Patients with thrombotic diseases such as pulmonary embolism, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, etc.
• Patients with mental disorders who are unable to give informed consent or undergo study procedures and follow-up normally.
• Patients whose toxic symptoms from prior treatment before enrollment have not yet resolved.
• Other serious diseases that may limit the patient's participation in this study (e.g., poorly controlled diabetes; severe cardiac insufficiency; myocardial infarction, unstable arrhythmia, or unstable angina within the past 6 months; gastric ulcer; active autoimmune disease, etc.).
• Pregnant women, suspected pregnancy (positive urinary human chorionic gonadotropin pregnancy test at screening), or lactating patients.