Efficacy Study of Memantine Hydrochloride and Escitalopram for the Treatment of Co-Morbid Depression and Alcoholism.

Context Depression is common clinical problem among alcoholics and its treatment has no standard and is controversy. Glutamate NMDA-receptors may mediate the effects of long term alcohol related depression and thus the NMDA-receptor modulator memantine could have effects on it.

Objectives The preliminary aim of this study was to identify possible new treatment for depression of alcoholics and compare the efficacy of escitalopram and memantine in co-morbid depression of alcoholism.

Design and setting Double-blind, randomized, naturalistic study, 26-week trial on alcohol dependent outpatients.

Participants Eighty alcohol dependent depressive adults

Intervention Subjects were randomized 1:1 to receive memantine or escitalopram 20 mg per day. During the study the patient received routine psychosocial treatment at A-Clinic. No concomitant intervention on alcohol consumption and no imposed treatment goals. The patients were met weekly in first month, then after 3 and 6 months.

Inclusion criteria

• The subject/patient is able to read and understand the subject/patient information sheet.
• Prior to any screening procedures, the subject/patient must have signed the informed consent form. No study-related procedures may be performed before the subject/patient has signed the form.
• Age 25-70 years
• Heavy alcohol consumption (males more than 5 doses/ day, female more than 4 doses/day) for at least 10 years
• Alcohol dependence (DSM-IV) assessed by SCID-I interview.
• Major depression (DSM-IV) assessed by SCID-I interview. At least 4 weeks past from the previous inpatient treatment for AWS (alcohol withdrawal syndrome).

Exclusion criteria

• Other drug dependence (screened by urine test)
• Other serious mental illness (DSM-IV)
• Hazard of suicide
• Pregnancy
• Serious kidney, hart or thyroid problem
• The subject/patient, in the opinion of the investigator, is unlikely to comply with the clinical study protocol or is unsuitable for any reason.
• Liver cirrhosis or liver enzymes ASAT tai ALAT >200.
• The person that met the criteria stated in the Finnish Law on Clinical Studies, paragraph 7-10§ (children, pregnant, imamates or mentally handicapped).