Efficacy Study Comparing Velcade Dexamethasone Thalidomide Versus Velcade Cyclophosphamide Dexamethasone as Induction Treatment in the Initial Management of Multiple Myeloma (IFM2013-04)

The patient population will consist of adult men and women who have a confirmed diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma and who meet eligibility criteria. They will be recruited from among the patients consulting in an investigating centre's haematology service for newly diagnosed, symptomatic, untreated multiple myeloma.

in each treatment arm there will be :

• Induction therapy : 4 cycles of VTD (21 days)or VCD
• Systematic stem cell harvest after cycle 3

Inclusion criteria

Patients newly diagnosed with symptomatic Multiple Myeloma (MM) patient

• - 18 ≤ age < 66 years
• - Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status of 0, 1 or 2
• - Patients must be eligible for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
• - Patients must have measurable disease by serum M-protein ≥ 10 g/L and/or urine M-protein ≥200mg/day
• - Female patients of child-bearing potential (FCBP):

• Must agree to have medically supervised pregnancy tests prior to starting study and every 21 days, including 4 weeks after the end of study treatment. This applies even if the patient practices complete and continued sexual abstinence.
• Must agree to use and be able to comply with effective contraception without interruption, 28 days prior to starting study drug, during the study therapy (including during periods of dose interruptions), and for 28 days after discontinuation of study therapy.
• - Male Patients:

• Must agree to use a condom during sexual contact with a FCBP, throughout study drug therapy, during any dose interruption and for one week after discontinuation of study therapy
• Must agree to not donate semen during study drug therapy and for one week after discontinuation of study therapy
• - All patients must:

• Agree to abstain from donating blood while taking study drug therapy and for one week after discontinuation of study drug therapy
• Agree not to share study medication with another person.
• - Patients must be capable of giving informed consent
• - Patients must be affiliated with French social security system

Exclusion criteria

• - Asymptomatic Multiple myeloma
• - Non-secretory Multiple myeloma
• - Proven AL-amyloidosis
• - Age ≥ 66 years old
• - Prior or current systemic therapy for Multiple myeloma, including steroids (except for emergency use of a 4-day block of dexamethasone before randomization, maximum total dose allowed 160 mg)
• - Radiation therapy in the 2 weeks preceding randomization
• - National Cancer Institute grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy
• - Haemoglobin < 8g/dL
• - Absolute neutrophil count < 1,000 cells / µL, platelet count < 50,000 cells / µL
• - Creatinine level > 170 µmol/L or requiring dialysis.
• - Bilirubin, transaminases or GamaGT > 3 UNL (upper normal limit)
• - Positive HIV serology, evidence of active Hepatitis B and C infection
• - Severe active infection
• - Inability to comply with an anti-thrombotic treatment regimen
• - A personal medical history of severe psychiatric disease
• - Uncontrolled diabetes contraindicating the use of high-dose dexamethasone
• - Non-controlled or severe cardiovascular disease (including a myocardial infarction in the 6 months prior to recruitment)
• - A personal medical history of cancer unless the patient has been without relapse after treatment discontinuation > or = 5 years (except for basocellular skin cancer or in situ cervical cancer)
• - Use of any investigational drug in the 30 days preceding randomization

22 - Pregnant or lactating women. 23 - Adults under juridical protection 24 - Known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the study therapies or excipients 25 - Necessity of vaccination for yellow fever or with any other live vaccines