Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability Study of Sotagliflozin as Adjunct Therapy in Adult Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control With Insulin Therapy

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. Least square (LS) means were obtained from a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) that included fixed, categorical effects of treatment, randomization strata of insulin delivery method (MDI, CSII), randomization strata of Week -2 A1C (<= 8.5%, >8.5%), time (study week), a treatment-by-time interaction, and baseline A1C-by-time interaction as a covariate. A negative change from baseline (a reduction of A1C value at Week 24) indicates an improvement.

The composite endpoint included blood samples for the assessment of Hemoglobin A1C to determine the participants with a value <7.0% and a central blinded adjudication process to determine whether participants experienced either DKA or severe hypoglycemia. Only positively adjudicated severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were included in the analysis.

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative change from baseline indicates a loss in body weight from baseline to Week 24.

The mean bolus insulin dose in international units/day (IU/day) for Week 24 was the average over the 3 to 5 days prior to the Week 24 visit. The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicated a reduction in the amount of bolus insulin used and a positive change from baseline indicated an increase in the amount of bolus insulin used between baseline and Week 24.

The Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates a lower glucose level at Week 24 compared to baseline and a positive change from baseline indicates an increase in glucose level at Week 24 compared to baseline.

The DTSQ instrument contains 8 items assessing overall treatment satisfaction, treatment convenience and flexibility, satisfaction with understanding of diabetes, willingness to continue present treatment and to recommend it to others, and frequency of unacceptably high and unacceptably low blood glucose levels. 6 items (1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) (excluding perceived hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia items) were scored using a 7- point scale where 0=very dissatisfied to 6= very satisfied for a total possible score of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 36 (very satisfied), where higher scores indicate higher satisfaction from treatment. Two items (Q2 and 3), which were not included, measured perceived hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, respectively. The baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A positive change from baseline indicates improvement.

DDS2 is a 2-item diabetes distress screening instrument where participants rated the degree to which the following items caused distress: (1) feeling overwhelmed by the demands of living with diabetes, and (2) feeling that I am often failing with my diabetes regimen using a 6-point scale: where 1=no distress to 6=severe distress for a total possible score of 2 to 12. LS means were obtained from MMRM model including all available post baseline values. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

Baseline value was defined as the last value collected prior to the first dose of double-blind study medication. LS means were obtained from MMRM model. A negative percent change from baseline indicates a loss in body weight from baseline to Week 24.