Efficacy of the SALFOAM 3% Method Compared to the Conventional Polidocanol Foam Method (Tessari Method) for Treating Lower Limb Varicose Veins

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is prevalent in approximately 38% of the adult population in Brazil, posing significant public health challenges due to its potential complications, including ulcerations and reduced quality of life. The SALFOAM 3% method is a novel approach that combines saline wash prior to polidocanol 3% foam sclerotherapy and extrinsic compression with Lidstop®, aiming to improve outcomes by reducing adverse effects such as hyperpigmentation and enhancing patient quality of life. This randomized controlled trial will compare the efficacy, safety, and quality of life outcomes of patients treated with the SALFOAM 3% method versus those treated with the conventional Tessari method for lower limb varicose veins.

Inclusion criteria

• Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically confirmed varicose veins in the lower limbs by ultrasonography.
• All Fitzpatrick skin types (I-VI).
• Ability to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Known allergy or adverse reaction to polidocanol or similar agents.
• Active infection in the area of treatment.
• Immunosuppressed patients.
• Severe coagulopathies or a history of recent deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
• Diagnosis of patent foramen ovale.
• CEAP classification VI (active venous ulcers).
• Use of medications that may interfere with the study outcomes.
• Inability to comply with the study protocol or refusal to participate.