Efficacy of BIPAMS for Restless Legs Syndrome in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study

Participants will complete the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Scale (IRLS), a 10-item questionnaire that provides a global score commonly used to assess the overall severity of symptoms as well as the frequency and impact of symptoms on daily life over the previous week.Overall symptom severity scores are determined by combining the sum of the answers on the questionnaire with total scores ranging from 0-40 and higher scores indicating a greater severity of symptoms.This will be completed at the baseline testing session.

Participants will complete the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Scale (IRLS), a 10-item questionnaire that provides a global score commonly used to assess the overall severity of symptoms as well as the frequency and impact of symptoms on daily life over the previous week.Overall symptom severity scores are determined by combining the sum of the answers on the questionnaire with total scores ranging from 0-40 and higher scores indicating a greater severity of symptoms. This will be completed at the follow-up testing session.

Participants will complete the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) as a measure of the frequency of strenuous, moderate, and mild leisure-time physical activity performed for periods of 15 minutes or more over a typical week. Summary scores are calculated by multiplying the number of strenuous, moderate, and mild bouts by 9, 5, and 3, respectively, and summing those values into an overall score that ranges from 0 to 119; higher scores are represent a greater volume of physical activity. This will be completed at baseline testing.

Participants will complete the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) as a measure of the frequency of strenuous, moderate, and mild leisure-time physical activity performed for periods of 15 minutes or more over a typical week. Summary scores are calculated by multiplying the number of strenuous, moderate, and mild bouts by 9, 5, and 3, respectively, and summing those values into an overall score that ranges from 0 to 119; higher scores are represent a greater volume of physical activity. This will be completed at follow-up testing.

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) measures sleep quality and sleep disturbances over the past four weeks and containing seven different components of sleep. Components of sleep are scored from 0 (fairly good) to 3 (very bad) and component scores are summed for a global score ranging from 0-21; higher scores are indicative of worse sleep quality. Participants will complete this questionnaire at baseline testing.

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) measures sleep quality and sleep disturbances over the past four weeks and containing seven different components of sleep. Components of sleep are scored from 0 (fairly good) to 3 (very bad) and component scores are summed for a global score ranging from 0-21; higher scores are indicative of worse sleep quality. Participants will complete this questionnaire at Follow-up testing.

Accelerometry provides device-measured aspects of sleep quality including sleep onset latency, time in bed, total sleep time, frequency of awakenings, time awake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency. Participants will be instructed to wear one ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer device on the non-dominant wrist each night (i.e., during time in bed for scheduled sleep time) for seven nights following the baseline testing session.

Accelerometry provides device-measured aspects of sleep quality including sleep onset latency, time in bed, total sleep time, frequency of awakenings, time awake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency. Participants will be instructed to wear one ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer device on the non-dominant wrist each night (i.e., during time in bed for scheduled sleep time) for seven nights following the follow-up testing session.

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is an 8-item questionnaire whereby participants are asked to rate how likely they would be to doze off or fall asleep during eight different situations in "recent times" to provide a global score of daytime sleepiness. Items are scored on a range of 0 (would never doze) to 3 (high chance of dozing) and summed to provide a global score of daytime sleepiness ranging between 0 and 24 with higher scores indicating more daytime sleepiness. Participants will complete the questionnaire at baseline testing.

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is an 8-item questionnaire whereby participants are asked to rate how likely they would be to doze off or fall asleep during eight different situations in "recent times" to provide a global score of daytime sleepiness. Items are scored on a range of 0 (would never doze) to 3 (high chance of dozing) and summed to provide a global score of daytime sleepiness ranging between 0 and 24 with higher scores indicating more daytime sleepiness. Participants will complete the questionnaire at Follow-up testing.