Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab in Adult Chinese Subjects With Active Ankylosing Spondylitis

ASAS20 responder had improvement of 20% or more and absolute improvement of at least 10 units (on a scale of 0 [least] to 100 [worst]) from Baseline in at least 3 of the following 4 domains, with absence of deterioration (change for worse of at least 20% and net worsening of at least 10 units) in the potential remaining domain: Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity; Total Back Pain visual analog scale (VAS); Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); and Inflammation (mean of 2 morning stiffness-related Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] scores).

ASAS20 responder had improvement of 20% or more and absolute improvement of at least 10 units (on a scale of 0 [least] to 100 [worst]) from Baseline in at least 3 of the following 4 domains, with absence of deterioration (change for worse of at least 20% and net worsening of at least 10 units) in the potential remaining domain: Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity; Total Back Pain visual analog scale (VAS); Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); and Inflammation (mean of 2 morning stiffness-related Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] scores).

An ASAS40 responder had improvement of 40% or more and absolute improvement of 20 units or more (on a scale of 0 [least] to 100 [worst]) from Baseline in at least 3 of the 4 domains identified above for the ASAS20. In addition, there must have been an absence of deterioration in the potential remaining domain, where deterioration was defined as a net worsening of greater than 0 units (on a scale of 0 to 100).

An ASAS40 responder had improvement of 40% or more and absolute improvement of 20 units or more (on a scale of 0 [least] to 100 [worst]) from Baseline in at least 3 of the 4 domains identified above for the ASAS20. In addition, there must have been an absence of deterioration in the potential remaining domain, where deterioration was defined as a net worsening of greater than 0 units (on a scale of 0 to 100).

An ASAS5/6 responder had an improvement from Baseline of 20% or more in 5 of the following 6 domains: Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity; pain as measured by the Total Back Pain visual analog scale (VAS); function as measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); inflammation (mean of 2 morning stiffness-related Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] scores); spinal mobility (lateral lumbar flexion from Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index [BASMI]); and acute phase reactant (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).

An ASAS5/6 responder had an improvement from Baseline of 20% or more in 5 of the following 6 domains: Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity; pain as measured by the Total Back Pain visual analog scale (VAS); function as measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); inflammation (mean of 2 morning stiffness-related Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] scores); spinal mobility (lateral lumbar flexion from Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index [BASMI]); and acute phase reactant (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).

Participants were classified as having achieved ASAS partial remission if they had a value of less than 20 on a scale from 0 (normal/none) to 100 (most severe) in each of 4 domains: Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity; pain as measured by the Total Back Pain visual analog scale (VAS); function as measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); and inflammation (mean of 2 morning stiffness-related Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] scores).

Participants were classified as having achieved ASAS partial remission if they had a value of less than 20 on a scale from 0 (normal/none) to 100 (most severe) in each of 4 domains: Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity; pain as measured by the Total Back Pain visual analog scale (VAS); function as measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); and inflammation (mean of 2 morning stiffness-related Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] scores).

Participants assessed their disease activity during the preceding week using a 100 millimeter (mm) visual analog scale, with responses ranging from no activity (0) to severe activity (100).

Participants assessed their disease activity during the preceding week using a 100 millimeter (mm) visual analog scale, with responses ranging from no activity (0) to severe activity (100).

Participants assessed their total back pain within the preceding week using a total back pain 100 mm visual analog scale, with responses ranging from no pain (0) to most severe pain (100).

Participants assessed their total back pain within the preceding week using a total back pain 100 mm visual analog scale, with responses ranging from no pain (0) to most severe pain (100).

Participants assessed their ability to perform 10 selected activities (e.g., putting on socks or tights without help or aids, bending forward from the waist to pick up a pen from the floor without an aid) during the preceding week. Responses ranged from 0 (easy) to 100 (impossible). The BASFI score is the average of the 10 responses and has a possible minimum value of 0 and a possible maximum value of 100.

Participants assessed their ability to perform 10 selected activities (e.g., putting on socks or tights without help or aids, bending forward from the waist to pick up a pen from the floor without an aid) during the preceding week. Responses ranged from 0 (easy) to 100 (impossible). The BASFI score is the average of the 10 responses and has a possible minimum value of 0 and a possible maximum value of 100.

The Inflammation score is the mean of the 10-cm visual analog scale scores from the 2 morning stiffness-related BASDAI questions: "How would you describe the overall level of morning stiffness you have had from the time you wake up?", with response ranging from none to very severe; and "How long does your morning stiffness last from the time you wake up?", with response ranging from 0 hours to 2 or more hours.

The Inflammation score is the mean of the 10-cm visual analog scale scores from the 2 morning stiffness-related BASDAI questions: "How would you describe the overall level of morning stiffness you have had from the time you wake up?", with response ranging from none to very severe; and "How long does your morning stiffness last from the time you wake up?", with response ranging from 0 hours to 2 or more hours.

A BASDAI50 responder had at least a 50% improvement from Baseline in BASDAI score. In the BASDAI, participants use a 10-centimeter visual analog scale to answer 6 questions pertaining to symptoms experienced in the preceding week (e.g., How would you describe the overall level of fatigue/tiredness you have experienced? How long does your morning stiffness last from the time you wake up?) Responses range from "none" to "very severe" or from 0 hours to 2 or more hours for morning stiffness. The score is calculated as 0.2 (Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 + Q5/2 + Q6/2).

A BASDAI50 responder had at least a 50% improvement from Baseline in BASDAI score. In the BASDAI, participants use a 10-centimeter visual analog scale to answer 6 questions pertaining to symptoms experienced in the preceding week (e.g., How would you describe the overall level of fatigue/tiredness you have experienced? How long does your morning stiffness last from the time you wake up?) Responses range from "none" to "very severe" or from 0 hours to 2 or more hours for morning stiffness. The score is calculated as 0.2 (Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 + Q5/2 + Q6/2).

Elevation of hs-CRP is a nonspecific marker of inflammation. Values above 5 milligrams/liter (mg/L) were considered abnormally high. Decrease in level of hs-CRP indicates reduction in inflammation.

Elevation of hs-CRP is a nonspecific marker of inflammation. Values above 5 milligrams/liter (mg/L) were considered abnormally high. Decrease in level of hs-CRP indicates reduction in inflammation.

The SF-36 questionnaire, version 2, consists of 36 general health questions with 2 components, physical and mental. For each component, a transformed summary score is calculated using 8 sub-domains: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health. Scores range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate a better health state.

The SF-36 questionnaire, version 2, consists of 36 general health questions with 2 components, physical and mental. For each component, a transformed summary score is calculated using 8 sub-domains: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health. Scores range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate a better health state.