Efferon LPS Hemoadsorption in in Patients With Thermal Burns

Extensive burns are a severe form of trauma that, according to the World Health Organization, cause more than 180,000 deaths worldwide each year. Burn injury is not only a local tissue injury at the site of the damaging agent, but also triggers a complex systemic response to trauma. Severe burn injury induces a systemic inflammatory response associated with generalized microcirculatory disturbances in organs and tissues, cellular dystrophy and destruction, and the development of multiple organ dysfunction and failure. Burn trauma causes massive release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which may result in multiple organ failure and death. Mortality associated with multiple organ failure in burn patients reaches 81-87% among patients who develop this condition, and multiple organ failure remains the leading cause of death in burn patients. Among patients with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥4 within the first 24 hours after injury, mortality reaches 81%.

The Efferon LPS hemoadsorption device was developed for use in sepsis, leveraging its ability to effectively target both primary and secondary inflammatory mediators. However, this approach also has significant potential in the treatment of burn injury, a condition characterized by a complex inflammatory response.

The goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of multimodal (cytokine and lipopolysaccharide) hemoadsorption using the Efferon LPS device to reduce the severity of clinical manifestations and to prevent progression of multiple organ dysfunction, or mitigate it if already developed, in patients with burn disease and an RFI score ≥71 and ≤181.

Inclusion criteria

• Thermal burns (flame, scald, or contact burns), including cases combined with inhalation injury
• Revised Frank Index (RFI) score ≥71 and ≤181
• Indication for extracorporeal therapy within the first 10 days after injury
• The patient's condition allows Efferon LPS therapy to be performed for at least 6 hours

Exclusion criteria

• Isolated thermal-inhalation injury
• Chemical, electrical, or solar burns of the skin
• Combined skin burns with frostbite and/or general hypothermia
• Combined trauma (electrical injury; traumatic brain injury other than concussion or mild cerebral contusion; skull, spinal, thoracic, pelvic, or femoral fractures) or acute pre-existing pathology prior to hospital admission (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, community-acquired pneumonia, or acute surgical conditions) that may influence the course and outcome of burn disease
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the pre-hospital stage
• End-stage renal disease
• Acute pulmonary embolism confirmed by imaging
• Emergency surgical treatment
• Any other condition which, in the investigator's opinion, precludes inclusion of the patient in the study