Effects of Resistance Exercise on Physical Fitness, Community Involvement, and Sleep Quality Among Community-dwelling Older People.

Background: With global population aging, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and dynapenia is rising. Their coexistence, termed metabolic dynapenia, poses major health risks, including muscle weakness, mobility decline, falls, and impaired community involvement and sleep quality, leading to reduced quality of life and greater healthcare burdens. Research on community-dwelling older adults with metabolic dynapenia in Taiwan is scarce, especially regarding resistance exercise interventions.

Purpose: To examine physical fitness, community involvement, and sleep quality among community-dwelling older adults with metabolic dynapenia, and to analyze the effects of resistance exercise.

Methods: A randomized experimental design was applied. Ninety-eight participants were purposively sampled from northern Taiwan and randomly assigned to an experimental group or control group . The experimental group received a 12-week resistance exercise program (three times weekly), while controls maintained

Inclusion criteria

• 1. Elderly community members with metabolic weakness 2. Conscious and able to communicate in writing or in Mandarin/Taiwanese 3. Only those who are willing to participate in this study after the research purpose has been explained can be enrolled 4. No exercise habits within the past three months

Exclusion criteria

• 1. Currently experiencing acute injury or fracture, or damage to the hip or knee joints, or having undergone surgery within the past month.

• Severe heart diseases: (heart stent implantation or bypass surgery), coronary artery disease, and those with a pacemaker.

• Severe vision or hearing problems that are sufficient to affect the testing process.

• Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score > 24 points.