Effects of Physical Activity, Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Calcium Score on Cardiovascular Health in Normal People

SingHEART sub-study will collect the following data types or perform the following investigations:

• Demographic and clinical characteristics data.
• Basic blood investigations. Basic blood investigations include: FBC, CRP, renal panel, random glucose, LFT, fasting lipids, ESR, CRP,
• Perform a single baseline cardiac MRI (already consented and obtained as part of the primary study).
• ECG
• Calcium score
• Biobanking (whole blood, plasma and serum, already performed as part of the primary study)
• Exercise and physical activity tracker over two 1-week periods
• Ambulatory BP monitoring over two 24-48H periods

Inclusion criteria

• Men and women age 21-69 years

Exclusion criteria

• Previous myocardial infarction (MI). This will include ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI)
• Known coronary artery disease - prior coronary revascularization
• Known documented peripheral arterial disease
• Previous stroke

a. Stroke is defined as new focal neurological deficit persisting more than 24hours21.

• More than ongoing use of 2 or more anti-hypertensive agents
• Prior history of cancer (excludes pre-cancerous lesions)
• Expected life expectancy less than 1 year
• Known definite diabetes mellitus or on treatment for diabetes mellitus
• Known autoimmune disease or genetic disease
• Known endocrine disease on treatment
• Psychiatric illness
• Asthma or chronic lung disease requiring long term medications or oxygen
• Chronic infective disease, including tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C; and HIV
• Inability to comply with study protocol
• Any other acute or chronic medical or physical condition deemed by the investigator to affect study outcomes