Effects of LY450139, on the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease as Compared With Placebo

The cognitive subscale of the ADAS (ADAS Cog11) was used as a primary efficacy measure and consists of 11 items assessing areas of function most typically impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD): orientation, verbal memory, language, and praxis. The scale ranges from 0 to 70, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

The cognitive subscale of ADAS (ADAS Cog11) consists of 11 items assessing areas of function most typically impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD): orientation, verbal memory, language, and praxis. The scale ranges from 0 to 70, with higher scores indicating greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

The ADCS-ADL is a 23-item inventory developed as a rater-administered questionnaire answered by the participant's caregiver. The ADCS-ADL measures both basic and instrumental activities of daily living by participants. The total score ranges from 0 to 78, with lower scores indicating greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

The ADCS-ADL is a 23-item inventory developed as a rater-administered questionnaire answered by the participant's caregiver. The ADCS-ADL measures both basic and instrumental activities of daily living by participants. The total score ranges from 0 to 78, with lower scores indicating greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

CDR-SB is a semi-structured interview of participants and their caregivers. Participant's cognitive status is rated across 6 domains of functioning, including memory, orientation, judgment/problem solving, community affairs, home/hobbies, and personal care. Severity score assigned for each of 6 domains; total score (SB) ranges from 0 to 18. Higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

NPI assesses psychopathology in participants with dementia and other neurologic disorders. Information is obtained from a caregiver familiar with the participant's behavior. Total score ranges from 12 to 144; higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

Assesses healthcare resource utilization (formal and informal care). Information gathered on both caregivers (care-giving time, work status) and participants (accommodation and healthcare resource utilization) was gathered from baseline and follow-up interviews. Reported number of hospitalizations per participant up to 76 weeks. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for age and investigator.

EQ-5D (proxy version) measures mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression; each has 3 severity levels (no, some, severe problems) coded to a 1-digit number (1-3). Digits are combined into 5-digit number describing health state. Numerals 1-3 are not added for total score. VAS assesses caregiver's impression of participant's overall health state; scores range: 0 to 100. Lower scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

Assess QoL for AD: participant rates mood, relationships, memory, finances, physical condition, and overall QoL assessment. Each of 13 items, rated on a 4-point scale. Sum of items=total score (range: 13 to 52). Higher scores indicate greater QoL. Participant's primary caregiver asked to complete same measure. Least Squares (LS) Mean value controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

MMSE is a brief screening instrument used to assess cognitive function (orientation, memory, attention, ability to name objects, follow verbal/written commands, write a sentence, and copy figures) in elderly participants. Total score ranges from 0 to 30; lower score indicates greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication

Concentration of amino acid peptide known as Aβ 1-42 in plasma. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

Measurement of local cerebral glucose metabolism by PET using the radioactive tracer 18F-FDG. The outcome reported is the composite summary of the standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) normalized to the Pons. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

The vMRI assessment of right and left hippocampal volume is reported. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

A radioactive tracer for PET that is a ligand for amyloid called [18F]-AV-45. This permits the visualization of amyloid in the brains of Alzheimer's participants. The outcome reported is the composite summary of the standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) normalized to the cerebellar gray matter. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

Concentration of total tau in spinal fluid. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

Model estimated apparent oral clearance. Clearance is defined as the volume of plasma which is completely cleared of drug (LY450139) per unit time.

Model-estimated apparent volume of distribution. Volume of distribution is a measure of the extent to which drug distributes in the body.

Semi-structured interview. Participant's cognitive status rated across 6 domains of functioning: memory, orientation, judgment/problem solving, community affairs, home/hobbies, personal care. Severity score assigned for each of 6 domains; total score (SB) ranges: 0 to 18. Higher scores=greater disease severity. Least Squares Mean value controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care medication. LY450139 dosing stopped due to evidence of dose-dependent cognitive/functional worsening. Participants followed off-dose for 32 weeks, but CDR-SB not assessed.

NPI assesses psychopathology in participants with dementia and other neurologic disorders. Information is obtained from a caregiver familiar with participant's behavior. Total score ranges from 12 to 144; higher scores indicate greater disease severity. The Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication. All LY450139 dosing stopped due to evidence of dose-dependent cognitive/functional worsening. Participants were followed off-dose for 32 weeks, but NPI was not assessed.

Assesses healthcare resource utilization (formal and informal care). Information gathered on both care-giving time, work status) and participants (accommodation, healthcare resource utilization) is collected. Reported number of participant hospitalizations. Least Squares (LS) Mean value controlled for age and investigator. All LY450139 dosing was stopped due to evidence of dose-dependent cognitive/functional worsening. Participants were followed off-dose for 32 weeks, but RUD-Lite was not assessed.

EQ-5D (proxy version) measures mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression. 3 severity levels: no, some, severe problems. VAS assesses caregiver's impression of participant's health state; score ranges: 0 to 100. Lower scores=greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication. All LY450139 dosing was stopped due to evidence of dose-dependent cognitive/functional worsening. Participants were followed off-dose for 32 weeks, but EQ-5D VAS was not assessed.

Assess QoL for AD; participant rates mood, relationships, memory, finances, physical condition, and overall QoL assessment. Each of 13 items rated on a 4-point scale. Sum of items=total score (range: 13-52). Higher scores=greater QoL. Participant's primary caregiver asked to complete same measure. Least Squares Mean value controlled for baseline, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication. All LY450139 dosing was stopped due to evidence of dose-dependent cognitive/functional worsening. Participants were followed off-dose for 32 weeks, but QoL-AD not assessed.

Used to assess cognitive function (orientation, memory, attention, ability to name objects, follow verbal/written commands, write a sentence, and copy figures) in elderly participants. Total score ranges: 0 to 30. Lower score indicates greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication. All LY450139 dosing was stopped due to evidence of dose-dependent cognitive/functional worsening. Participants were followed off-dose for 32 weeks, but MMSE was not assessed.

ADAS-Cog12 is ADAS-Cog11 augmented with delayed free recall measure, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

ADAS-Cog14 is ADAS-Cog11 augmented with delayed free recall, digit cancellation, and maze completion measures. A score of 0 to 10 for delayed free recall and a conversion code of 0 to 5 for digit cancellation and maze completion provide total score ranges for this extended ADAS-Cog14 of 0 to 90. Higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

Concentration of p-tau in spinal fluid. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

Concentration of an amino acid peptide known as Aβ 1-42 in spinal fluid. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, and investigator.

ADAS-Cog12 is ADAS-Cog11 augmented with delayed free recall measure, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, and concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.

ADAS-Cog14 is ADAS-Cog11 augmented with delayed free recall, digit cancellation, and maze completion measures. A score of 0 to 10 for delayed free recall and a conversion code of 0 to 5 for digit cancellation and maze completion provide total score ranges for this extended ADAS-Cog14 of 0 to 90. Higher scores indicate greater disease severity. Least Squares (LS) Mean value was controlled for baseline value, age, investigator, visit, concomitant standard of care (SOC) medication.