Effects of Horse Riding Simulator With or Without Visual Feedback on Balance and Postural Control

Cerebral palsy (CP), one of the most common physical disabilities in childhood, is a disorder of movement and posture caused by non-progressive lesions in the developing brain. Children with CP, to varying degrees, have muscle weakness, tone abnormality, and motor-control impairment, causing abnormal posture and poor balance control.In high-income countries, the current birth prevalence of cerebral palsy has decreased to 1.6 per 1000 live births. However, in low- and middle-income countries, the birth prevalence is significantly higher. Children diagnosed with CP exhibit a range of muscle weakness, tone abnormalities, and impaired motor control. These factors contribute to abnormal posture and compromised control over balance

Inclusion criteria

• Spastic cerebral palsy with level I and II according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS)
• Age between 8 and 12 years
• Ability to sit and stand independently
• Both genders are included (female and male)

Exclusion criteria

• Having received an injection of botulinum toxin within 3 months
• Having undergone orthopedic surgery or selective dorsal rhizotomy in the previous 1 year
• Having undergone HRS training within 6 months;
• Having severe pain, joint dislocation, contracture, or spinal deformity
• Having experienced uncontrolled epileptic seizure
• Having poor visual or hearing acuity.