Effects of Biofeedback Exercises on Severity of Dysphagia in Parkinson's Clients

An RCT will be conducted on 32 Parkinson's patients having oropharyngeal dysphagia. FOIS and biofeedback will be used as a baseline instrument to determine the tongue strength and severity of dysphagia at the initial level of the study. The experimental group will perform tongue isometric pressure exercises using biofeedback for twelve sessions, four sessions per week. The control group will perform only traditional tongue-strengthening exercises for twelve sessions, four sessions per week. Both groups will receive therapy for 30 minutes. Both groups will undergo twelve sessions of exercises, starting after a baseline evaluation. Each patient will receive therapy for 30 minutes and have four sessions of therapy weekly. Two exercise protocols will be used. Protocol A will involve biofeedback strengthening exercises using the tongueometer. Protocol B will involve traditional tongue exercises to improve coordination and strength in tongue movement. The experimental group will be instructed to perform Protocol A while the control group will be instructed to perform Protocol B. Each group after randomization will undergo twelve sessions of exercises and baseline assessment will be taken at initial, middle, and final levels.

Inclusion criteria

• Diagnosed cases of Parkinson disease
• Diagnosed patients of oropharyngeal dysphagia with both genders

Exclusion criteria

• Cognitive impairment