Effects of a Composition on the Oral Microbiome, pH, Nitrite/Nitrate Ratio, Elastases and Inflammation in Oral Dysbiosis

Oral microbiota is the most diverse of the human body. It consists of mainly commensal bacteria, archea, protozoos, yeast and funghi. More than 700 species of bacteria have been identified in the mouth. In conditions of health these bacteria live in equilibrium. In inflammatory conditions, balance is lost, due to changes in microbiota or in the ecosystem with lost of the mucosa barrier function. If dysbiosis appears pathogen or fragments of these or toxic agents penetrate the body orchestrating a deep alteration of vital functions such as immune defense, nitric oxide pathways, cell cycle regulation and redox balance.

Periodontal dysbiosis is the consequence of the accumulation of plaque and the increase of gram negative species capable of releasing virulence factors that maintain inflammation and bleeding that perpetuate a disease-promoting ecosystem.

Oral hygiene is a daily personal protocol for effective delivery of active substances to the tissues of the oral cavity, mainly fluoride and antiseptics. The standard of care in the oral compound is toothpaste used 2-3 times a day.

The test toothpaste including Saliactive® (an olive product, betaine and xylitol) does not contain any antimicrobial agent nor antiseptic. A randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial in 100 patients will evaluate the efficacy to reverse oral dysbiosis. Microbiota profile through genetic sequenciation of the rDNA16s, inflammatory markers, nitrate reducing bacteria abundance, nitrite/nitrate ratio, pH, plaque and bleeding index will be evaluated at baseline, after 2 months and 4 months of exposure to the assigned composition. Two controls will be analysed, one fluoridated placebo but without the 3 active ingredients olive product, betaine and xylitol (Saliactive®), and a fluoridated commercial toothpaste for gingivitis with zinc citrate. Assignation of the 100 subjects will be randomized and the products are blind for the subjects and the researcher.

Inclusion criteria

• Clinical diagnose of gingivitis.
• At least 20 teeth (3rd molars excluded).
• Must Accept informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Clinical diagnose of periodontitis.
• With orthodontics.
• With removable dentures.
• With upper incisors restorated.
• Tumours in soft or hard tissues of the mouth.
• More than 5 caries lesions with immediate restorative need
• Antibiotics intake less than one month ago.
• Pregnant women.
• Other clinic assay at the moment.
• Dental prophylaxis less than 2 weeks before starting the study.