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NCT Number: NCT06444581

Effectiveness of the Universal Prevention Program Super Skills for Life in Schools

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-session cognitive-behavioral transdiagnostic protocol for Spanish children aged 8 to 12 within an educational context, Super Skills for Life. The program, designed to enhance emotional management and social interaction skills, will be delivered in a group format and supplemented with multimedia materials. The study will compare outcomes between an intervention group and a wait-list control group.

Active, Not Recruiting

This study is active but is not currently recruiting participants.

Key information

Age range

8 year–12 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Department of Health Psychology. Miguel Hernandez University of Elche

Elche, Alicante, 03203, Spain

About this study

A 2 x 4 factorial design will be employed, with the intervention condition (intervention or waiting list) as the intergroup factor and the evaluation phase (pretest, posttest, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up) as the intragroup factor. Both parents and children will complete the same assessments at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up stages. The researchers will analyze the changes in emotional and social variables from pre- to post-assessment in children who participate in the program.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Children aged 8 to 12 years.
  • Be Spanish-speaking.
  • Accepting informed consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

  • Intellectual disability, behavioral symptoms or autistic spectrum symptoms whose severity prevented the continuation of treatment.
  • Current psychological or pharmacological treatment for anxiety and/or depression.
  • Not accepting or revoking informed consent to participate in the study.

Treatment and study plan

Super Skills Schools

Behavioral

Super Skills Structured and manualized intervention with a manual for the therapist and a workbook for the children. The intervention will be administered by Super Skills-trained clinical psychologists. Sessions will take place once a week for twelve weeks, with each session lasting approximately fifty minutes. The program includes emotional education and social skills training. These contents are learned through playful exercises, activities, readings and role-playing. The intervention modality will be face-to-face.

Primary outcomes

  1. Social Skills Questionnaire (SSQ) (Pupil Version)

    Time frame: Baseline

    SSQ (Pupil Version) is a social skills assessment measure that focuses on a wide range of social behaviors in children aged 8-18. Scoring the Social Skills Questionnaire (Youth): Scores are rated from 0 (Not true), through 1 (Sometimes true), to 2 (Mostly true). The total score is computed by adding up the scores (0, 1, 2) for each item. Total scores range from 0 to 60. Higher scores on this scale indicate higher social skills in children.

  2. Social Skills Questionnaire (SSQ) (Pupil Version)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    SSQ (Pupil Version) is a social skills assessment measure that focuses on a wide range of social behaviors in children aged 8-18. Scoring the Social Skills Questionnaire (Youth): Scores are rated from 0 (Not true), through 1 (Sometimes true), to 2 (Mostly true). The total score is computed by adding up the scores (0, 1, 2) for each item. Total scores range from 0 to 60. Higher scores on this scale indicate higher social skills in children.

  3. Social Skills Questionnaire (SSQ) (Pupil Version)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    SSQ (Pupil Version) is a social skills assessment measure that focuses on a wide range of social behaviors in children aged 8-18. Scoring the Social Skills Questionnaire (Youth): Scores are rated from 0 (Not true), through 1 (Sometimes true), to 2 (Mostly true). The total score is computed by adding up the scores (0, 1, 2) for each item. Total scores range from 0 to 60. Higher scores on this scale indicate higher social skills in children.

  4. Social Skills Questionnaire (SSQ) (Pupil Version)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    SSQ (Pupil Version) is a social skills assessment measure that focuses on a wide range of social behaviors in children aged 8-18. Scoring the Social Skills Questionnaire (Youth): Scores are rated from 0 (Not true), through 1 (Sometimes true), to 2 (Mostly true). The total score is computed by adding up the scores (0, 1, 2) for each item. Total scores range from 0 to 60. Higher scores on this scale indicate higher social skills in children.

  5. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form (PANAS-C-SF)

    Time frame: Baseline

    PANAS-C-SF assesses two subscales in children aged 6 to 18 years: positive affect (joyful, lively, happy, energetic, and proud) and negative affect (angry, fearful/scared, afraid, and sad). Responses are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or never) to 5 (very much).

  6. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form (PANAS-C-SF)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    PANAS-C-SF assesses two subscales in children aged 6 to 18 years: positive affect (joyful, lively, happy, energetic, and proud) and negative affect (angry, fearful/scared, afraid, and sad). Responses are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or never) to 5 (very much).

  7. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form (PANAS-C-SF)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    PANAS-C-SF assesses two subscales in children aged 6 to 18 years: positive affect (joyful, lively, happy, energetic, and proud) and negative affect (angry, fearful/scared, afraid, and sad). Responses are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or never) to 5 (very much).

  8. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form (PANAS-C-SF)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    PANAS-C-SF assesses two subscales in children aged 6 to 18 years: positive affect (joyful, lively, happy, energetic, and proud) and negative affect (angry, fearful/scared, afraid, and sad). Responses are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or never) to 5 (very much).

  9. Measured by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-k)

    Time frame: Baseline

    CERQ-k consists of 36 items that measure nine cognitive coping strategies. Each subscale represents one cognitive coping strategy: Self-blame, Other blame, Acceptance, Planning, Positive refocusing, Rumination or focus on thought, Positive reappraisal, Putting into perspective, and Catastrophizing. The response format of the items is a five-point scale from (almost) never to (almost) always. Each item is rated 1 to 5 points. Minimum value 36 and maximum value 180.

  10. Measured by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-k)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    CERQ-k consists of 36 items that measure nine cognitive coping strategies. Each subscale represents one cognitive coping strategy: Self-blame, Other blame, Acceptance, Planning, Positive refocusing, Rumination or focus on thought, Positive reappraisal, Putting into perspective, and Catastrophizing. The response format of the items is a five-point scale from (almost) never to (almost) always. Each item is rated 1 to 5 points. Minimum value 36 and maximum value 180.

  11. Measured by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-k)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    CERQ-k consists of 36 items that measure nine cognitive coping strategies. Each subscale represents one cognitive coping strategy: Self-blame, Other blame, Acceptance, Planning, Positive refocusing, Rumination or focus on thought, Positive reappraisal, Putting into perspective, and Catastrophizing. The response format of the items is a five-point scale from (almost) never to (almost) always. Each item is rated 1 to 5 points. Minimum value 36 and maximum value 180.

  12. Measured by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-k)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    CERQ-k consists of 36 items that measure nine cognitive coping strategies. Each subscale represents one cognitive coping strategy: Self-blame, Other blame, Acceptance, Planning, Positive refocusing, Rumination or focus on thought, Positive reappraisal, Putting into perspective, and Catastrophizing. The response format of the items is a five-point scale from (almost) never to (almost) always. Each item is rated 1 to 5 points. Minimum value 36 and maximum value 180.

  13. Baseline children's reported anxiety symptoms. Measured by Spence Children's Anxiety Scale Child Report Short (SCAS-C-8)

    Time frame: Baseline

    SCAS-C-8 measures symptoms severity of the DSMIV anxiety disorders in children. Symptom frequency is recorded on a 3-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 3 (always). This yields a minimum possible score of 0 and a maximum possible score of 24. Higher scores indicating greater severity of symptoms.

  14. Baseline children's reported anxiety symptoms. Measured by Spence Children's Anxiety Scale Child Report Short (SCAS-C-8)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    SCAS-C-8 measures symptoms severity of the DSMIV anxiety disorders in children. Symptom frequency is recorded on a 3-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 3 (always). This yields a minimum possible score of 0 and a maximum possible score of 24. Higher scores indicating greater severity of symptoms.

  15. Baseline children's reported anxiety symptoms. Measured by Spence Children's Anxiety Scale Child Report Short (SCAS-C-8)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    SCAS-C-8 measures symptoms severity of the DSMIV anxiety disorders in children. Symptom frequency is recorded on a 3-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 3 (always). This yields a minimum possible score of 0 and a maximum possible score of 24. Higher scores indicating greater severity of symptoms.

  16. Baseline children's reported anxiety symptoms. Measured by Spence Children's Anxiety Scale Child Report Short (SCAS-C-8)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    SCAS-C-8 measures symptoms severity of the DSMIV anxiety disorders in children. Symptom frequency is recorded on a 3-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 3 (always). This yields a minimum possible score of 0 and a maximum possible score of 24. Higher scores indicating greater severity of symptoms.

  17. Measured by Mood and Feelings Questionnaire - Short Version (MFQS)

    Time frame: Baseline

    It assess depressive symptoms experienced in the past two weeks. The MFQS provides an overall score (minimum value 0, maximum value 26). Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.

  18. Measured by Mood and Feelings Questionnaire - Short Version (MFQS)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    It assess depressive symptoms experienced in the past two weeks. The MFQS provides an overall score (minimum value 0, maximum value 26). Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.

  19. Measured by Mood and Feelings Questionnaire - Short Version (MFQS)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    It assess depressive symptoms experienced in the past two weeks. The MFQS provides an overall score (minimum value 0, maximum value 26). Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.

  20. Measured by Mood and Feelings Questionnaire - Short Version (MFQS)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    It assess depressive symptoms experienced in the past two weeks. The MFQS provides an overall score (minimum value 0, maximum value 26). Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.

  21. Baseline level of physical and emotional well-being reported by children as measured by the KidKINDL_children questionnaire.

    Time frame: Baseline

    The KidKINDL_children measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 13 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Children rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children.

  22. Level of physical and emotional well-being reported by children as measured by the KidKINDL_children questionnaire.

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    The KidKINDL_children measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 13 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Children rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children.

  23. Level of physical and emotional well-being reported by children as measured by the KidKINDL_children questionnaire.

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    The KidKINDL_children measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 13 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Children rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children.

  24. Level of physical and emotional well-being reported by children as measured by the KidKINDL_children questionnaire.

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    The KidKINDL_children measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 13 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Children rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children.

  25. Self-Concept Form 5 (AF-5)

    Time frame: Baseline

    It measures global satisfaction with self-concept (minimum value 0 and maximum value 120) and five dimensions (minimum value 0 and maximum value 24): Social (performance in social relationships); Academic/Professional (student/worker role); Emotional (perception of emotional state in general and in specific situations); Family (participation and integration into the family unit); and Physical self-concept (appearance and physical condition). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with self-image.

  26. Self-Concept Form 5 (AF-5)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    It measures global satisfaction with self-concept (minimum value 0 and maximum value 120) and five dimensions (minimum value 0 and maximum value 24): Social (performance in social relationships); Academic/Professional (student/worker role); Emotional (perception of emotional state in general and in specific situations); Family (participation and integration into the family unit); and Physical self-concept (appearance and physical condition). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with self-image.

  27. Self-Concept Form 5 (AF-5)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    It measures global satisfaction with self-concept (minimum value 0 and maximum value 120) and five dimensions (minimum value 0 and maximum value 24): Social (performance in social relationships); Academic/Professional (student/worker role); Emotional (perception of emotional state in general and in specific situations); Family (participation and integration into the family unit); and Physical self-concept (appearance and physical condition). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with self-image.

  28. Self-Concept Form 5 (AF-5)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    It measures global satisfaction with self-concept (minimum value 0 and maximum value 120) and five dimensions (minimum value 0 and maximum value 24): Social (performance in social relationships); Academic/Professional (student/worker role); Emotional (perception of emotional state in general and in specific situations); Family (participation and integration into the family unit); and Physical self-concept (appearance and physical condition). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with self-image.

Secondary outcomes

  1. The Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS-S)

    Time frame: Baseline

    CAPS-S is an instrument designed to assess perfectionism in a Spanish child population aged between 8 and 11. It includes 13 items structured into 3 factors: Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-Striving), Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-Critical), and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP). Items are rated using a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (False - Not at all true of me) to 5 (Very True of me). Higher scores on this scale indicate higher levels of perfectionism in children.

  2. The Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS-S)

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    CAPS-S is an instrument designed to assess perfectionism in a Spanish child population aged between 8 and 11. It includes 13 items structured into 3 factors: Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-Striving), Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-Critical), and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP). Items are rated using a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (False - Not at all true of me) to 5 (Very True of me). Higher scores on this scale indicate higher levels of perfectionism in children.

  3. The Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS-S)

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    CAPS-S is an instrument designed to assess perfectionism in a Spanish child population aged between 8 and 11. It includes 13 items structured into 3 factors: Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-Striving), Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-Critical), and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP). Items are rated using a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (False - Not at all true of me) to 5 (Very True of me). Higher scores on this scale indicate higher levels of perfectionism in children.

  4. The Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS-S)

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    CAPS-S is an instrument designed to assess perfectionism in a Spanish child population aged between 8 and 11. It includes 13 items structured into 3 factors: Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-Striving), Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-Critical), and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP). Items are rated using a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (False - Not at all true of me) to 5 (Very True of me). Higher scores on this scale indicate higher levels of perfectionism in children.

  5. Baseline level of physical and emotional well-being reported by parents as measured by the Kid_KiddoKINDL-R questionnaire

    Time frame: Baseline

    The Kid_KiddoKINDL-R measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 17 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Parents rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children

  6. Level of physical and emotional well-being reported by parents immediately after the intervention measured by the Kid_KiddoKINDL-R questionnaire

    Time frame: Immediately after the intervention

    The Kid_KiddoKINDL-R measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 17 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Parents rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children

  7. Level of physical and emotional well-being reported by parents 6 months after the intervention measured by the Kid_KiddoKINDL-R questionnaire

    Time frame: 6 months after the intervention

    The Kid_KiddoKINDL-R measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 17 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Parents rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children

  8. . Level of physical and emotional well-being reported by parents at 12 months measured by the Kid_KiddoKINDL-R questionnaire

    Time frame: 12 months after the intervention

    The Kid_KiddoKINDL-R measures assess physical and emotional well-being of children aged 7 to 17 years across six dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family, social relationships, and school. Parents rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale: never (1), almost never (2), sometimes (3), almost always (4), and always (5). The total score is calculated by adding the scores for each dimension (range for each dimension: 4 to 20 points). Higher scores on each subscale and on the total scale indicate lower symptoms in children

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Prevention of Emotional Problems in Spanish School Children Aged 8 to 12 Years Old: Evaluation of the Super Skills for Life Program

Important dates

Study start
2024
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2025
First posted
Jun 5, 2024
Registry last updated
Dec 9, 2024

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

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This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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