Effectiveness of Psycho-educational Program on Climate Change Distress and Risk Perception Among Older Adults.

Primary outcomes

1. Climate Change Distress and Impairment Scale (CC-DIS):

   Time frame: 2 weeks

   It was developed by Hepp et al., (2022) to assesses level of different types of affect in response to climate (Anger, Anxiety, and Sadness) in addition, climate change impairment (CCI) that cover general, social, and work related impairment. It consists of 23 items with 9 statements (3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15, 17, 20, and 21) from the scale are negatively stated and reversely scored. Factor analysis of the scale yielded four factors. Factor I consist of 5 statements (1, 4, 7, 10, and 13) describing anger. Factor II consisting of 5 statements (2, 5, 8, 11, and 15) that measure anxiety. Factor III, consisting of 5 statements (3, 6, 9, 12, and 14) is related to sadness, and finally 8 statements measure impairment.

2. Risk Perception Scale:

   Time frame: 2 weeks

   The scale was adapted from van der Linden (2015) who based his measurements on previous work by Bord et al. (2000) and Leiserowitz (2006). It was translated into Arabic language by Elshirbiny (2018) and proved to be valid.

   The scale comprises 8 statements. In the first question respondents were asked to rate how likely they thought it was that they would personally experience serious threats to their wellbeing. The second question asked how likely it was that climate change would have harmful long-term impacts on society. The two questions used a 7-point scale ranging from very unlikely (1) to very likely (7). The following four questions asked the respondents to rate how serious a threat climate change was to the natural environment, how serious the current impacts of climate change around the world were, and how serious the threat of climate change was to them personally and to Egypt. A 7-point scale was used ranging from not serious at all (1) to very serious (7).