Effectiveness of Extended Reality CPR Training Methods

Conventional CPR training is based on the use of a manikin and a training video. Though several feedback devices have been developed to improve the effectiveness of the training, they were neither realistic nor immersive. In addition, in conventional training programs, trainees are constrained in terms of time and location, as they are usually kept to a schedule.

Virtual reality (VR) technology, which was designed to maximize immersion, could be used to overcome those limitations, which in turn may improve the effectiveness of CPR training. However, even with VR technology, procedures such as chest compressions, ventilation, and defibrillation cannot be implemented as in the real world. Extended reality (XR), which combines the virtual and real worlds, could overcome these limitations by facilitating the use of real-world manikins in the virtual environment.

Inclusion criteria

• Individuals who are not healthcare providers and are 18 years old or older

Exclusion criteria

Participants who

• are not capable of performing either the training or the CPR test due to physical or cognitive limitations
• have upper extremity injuries
• are pregnant
• experience dizziness, headache, or motion sickness during the 2-minute XR device adaptation period that prevents them from participating in the simulation study