Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 and Probiotics in Periodontal Therapy During Pregnancy

The Plaque Index (PI) Score will be recorded at four timepoints (baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months) to assess the amount of dental plaque accumulation. The primary endpoint is the change in PI from baseline (T0) to 6 months (T3), comparing the intervention group (coenzyme Q10 + probiotics) to the control group (coenzyme Q10 only). The index is measured by visually scoring the plaque on tooth surfaces using standardized criteria.

The Plaque Index score ranges from 0 (no plaque) to 3 (abundant plaque), with higher scores indicating a worse outcome.

The BoP index will be recorded to evaluate gingival bleeding. Comparison will be made between the test group (coenzyme Q10 + probiotics) and the control group (Q10 only) across all study timepoints, from baseline to 6 months. The BoP index is expressed as the percentage of bleeding sites out of the total number of sites examined (range: 0% to 100%), with higher percentages indicating a worse outcome.

PPD will be recorded in millimeters to assess periodontal pocket depth. Values will be compared between groups across timepoints to evaluate treatment efficacy. PPD values range from 1 mm (healthy sulcus) to over 7 mm (advanced periodontal disease); higher values indicate a worse outcome.

CAL will be measured to assess periodontal tissue support. The difference in attachment level from baseline to 6 months will be analyzed between study groups. CAL is measured in millimeters, typically ranging from 0 mm (no attachment loss) to over 10 mm in severe cases; higher values indicate a worse outcome.

The MGI will be used to evaluate gingival inflammation. Score changes from baseline to 6 months will be analyzed between the intervention and control groups. The MGI ranges from 0 (normal gingiva) to 4 (severe inflammation), with higher scores indicating a worse outcome.

The API will be used to assess the presence of plaque in interproximal areas. Changes in API scores will be compared between groups over the course of the study. The API is expressed as the percentage of interproximal sites with visible plaque (range: 0% to 100%), with higher values indicating a worse outcome.

The PCR% will measure the percentage of oral surfaces with plaque. The effect of the interventions on PCR% will be evaluated from baseline to 6 months. PCR% ranges from 0% (no plaque detected) to 100% (plaque present on all assessed surfaces), with higher values indicating a worse outcome.

The PMGI will be used to assess inflammation at the gingival margin and papilla. Differences in scores will be analyzed between groups at each follow-up. The PMGI ranges from 0 (normal gingiva) to 5 (severe inflammation with spontaneous bleeding), with higher scores indicating a worse outcome.

Gingival recession (R) will be clinically measured in millimeters to assess changes in gingival margin levels from baseline to 6 months, comparing both groups. Values typically range from 0 mm (no recession) to over 5 mm in severe cases, with higher values indicating a worse outcome.