Effectiveness of Cheek Acupuncture Therapy for Pain Control After Cesarean Delivery

Numeric Rating Scale, this scale is a validated tool for measuring pain intensity, with scores ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the most severe pain imaginable).The higher the score, the more severe the pain.

Assess the proportion of severe pain by calculating the ratio of NRS pain scores that are greater than or equal to 6.

Numeric Rating Scale, this scale is a validated tool for measuring pain intensity, with scores ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the most severe pain imaginable).The higher the score, the more severe the pain.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-A is a subscale of the HADS, which is a self-assessment questionnaire used to screen for symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients within a non-psychiatric hospital setting. The 'A' stands for Anxiety, and the HADS-A specifically measures the severity of anxiety symptoms. It consists of 7 items rated on a 4-point scale, with scores ranging from 0 to 21, where higher scores indicate greater anxiety.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-D is a subscale of the HADS, which is designed to identify anxiety and depression in patients within hospital settings. The 'D' stands for Depression, and this subscale specifically assesses the severity of depressive symptoms. It includes 7 items rated on a 4-point scale, with scores ranging from 0 to 21, where higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms.

The ISI-(0-28) refers to the Insomnia Severity Index, which is a self-administered questionnaire used to evaluate the severity of insomnia. It consists of 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (no difficulty) to 4 (extreme difficulty). The total score ranges from 0 to 28, with higher scores indicating greater severity of insomnia.

The QoR15 score is a measure used to assess the quality of recovery following surgery. It stands for "Quality of Recovery-15," and it is a 15-item questionnaire that evaluates various aspects of a patient's recovery, such as pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and return to physical and cognitive function. The score ranges from 0 to 150, with a higher score indicating a better quality of recovery.

HCRP stands for High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein. It is a blood test that measures the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), which is a marker of inflammation in the body. High-sensitivity CRP tests can detect low levels of CRP, making it a useful tool for monitoring inflammation, cardiovascular risk, and the effectiveness of treatments for various inflammatory conditions.

Beta-endorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide produced by the body, consisting of 31 amino acids. It is a natural painkiller and plays a role in reducing pain and stress. Beta-endorphin is released in response to stress, pain, or the use of opioids, and it contributes to the body's reward system and regulation of mood. It is also associated with the release of adrenaline during stress or intense physical activity.

Explore whether cheek acupuncture intervention increases postoperative adverse reactions, including dizziness, abdominal bloating, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and so on.

Postoperative severe complications, including pulmonary complications, heart failure, liver dysfunction, kidney dysfunction, coagulation function, SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome), stroke, and so on.