Effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery for NAFLD/NASH

Inclusion criteria

[For Base-NAFLD]

• Age between 16 and 65 years (all sexes).
• Diagnosed with obesity according to the World Health Organization criteria for obesity in Asian populations and scheduled for a primary bariatric surgery at the participating centres.
• Diagnosed with hepatic steatosis preoperatively by radiologic (including ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-derived proton density fat fraction [PDFF]) or pathologic(intraoperative hepatic pathology) examinations.

[For Base-NASH]

• Age between 16 and 65 years (all sexes).
• Diagnosed with obesity according to the World Health Organization criteria for obesity in Asian populations and scheduled for a primary bariatric surgery at the participating centres.
• Histologically confirmed NASH with fibrosis:

NAFLD activity score(NAS) ≥4 with at least 1 in each single item and NASH-CRN fibrosis stage ≥F1

Exclusion criteria

• any patient who had previously been submitted to any type of bariatric surgery;
• history of excessive drinking: in the past 12 months, the male equivalent of alcohol consumption more than 30g/d, and the female more than 20g/d;
• history of taking amiodarone, methotrexate, tamoxifen, glucocorticoids, etc.；
• history of specific diseases: Gene type 3 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, hepatolenticular degeneration, autoimmune hepatitis, total parenteral nutrition, lack of beta lipoproteinemia, congenital lipid atrophy, celiac disease which causing fatty liver, etc.;
• previous major gastrointestinal surgery；
• diagnosed or suspected malignancy；
• poorly controlled significant medical or psychiatric disorders；
• disorders such as a medical history of major pathology;
• can not be able to understand and willing to participate in this registry with signature.