Effect of Wet Cupping Versus Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Inflammatory Markers in Diabetic Patients

Among all pro-inflammatory biomarkers, TNF-α first recognized to be involved in the pathenogenesis of insulin resistance, and glucose-related abnormalities that link to T2DM. TNF-α plays a vital role in the overall pathophysiology of insulin resistance especially in males with greater body mass index as compared to that in the females This trial aims to investigate the effect of wet cupping therapy versus moderate intensity aerobic exercise on inflammatory markers in diabetic patients

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Key information

Conditions

Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus Endocrine System Diseases Glucose Metabolism Disorders Metabolic Diseases Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Age range

30 year–50 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

About this study

Cupping therapy is a traditional treatment used to create suction on the skin over a painful area or acupuncture point using a bamboo or glass cup. Aerobic exercise (also known as endurance activities, cardio, or cardio-respiratory exercise) is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. Chronic inflammation, including elevated levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), is associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, as well as related diseases such as nonalcoholic hepatosteatosis. Amongst other triggers, elevated IL-6 levels may arise due to excess adipose tissue and can cause, for example, aberrant glucose metabolism leading to diabetes and other manifestations of the ensuing glucotoxicity in many tissues and organs, including the vasculature and other parts of the heart and the kidneys, as well as in the liver. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of wet cupping therapy versus moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on inflammatory markers in diabetic patients.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

had diabetes more than 10 years ago
body mass index of 25 to 29.9 Kg/m2

Exclusion criteria

Hepatic diseases, Cancer patients, Renal failure patients, Orthopedic problems or fractures of extremities, hypertensive patients, and Neurological problems

Treatment and study plan

cupping session

Procedure

Each cupping session takes about 30-40 min and can be conducted in five steps. The first step includes primary suction. In this phase, the therapist allocates specific points or areas for cupping and disinfects the area, which located at the upper back (opposite to C7), Para spinal and below scapula. A cup with a suitable size is placed on the selected site and sucked the air inside the cup by manual suction. Then the cup was applied to the skin and left for a period of 3 to 5 min. The second step is about puncturing. Puncturing with a needle to get out of blood the third step is about suction and bloodletting. The cup is placed back on the skin using the similar procedure described above for 3 to 5 min. The fourth step includes the removal of the cup, followed by the fifth step which includes dressing the area after cleaning and disinfecting with FDA-approved skin disinfectant.

Primary outcomes

interleukin 6 concentrations

Time frame: 6 months

Kits for blood sample to detect serum interleukin 6
blood sugar level mg/dl

Time frame: 6 months

blood sample to determine blood sugar level
tumor necrosis factor percent

Time frame: 6 months

kits to determine tumor necrosis factor alpha

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Deraya University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start: 2014
Primary completion: 2024
Study completion: 2024
First posted: Oct 31, 2024
Registry last updated: Feb 7, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.

Completed