Effect of Topical Agents With Various Antioxidant Containts on Photodamage Skin Induced

Photoprotection is an effort made to reduce the detrimental effects of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) on the skin due to UVB exposure. Photoprotection consists of primary and secondary. Lifestyle modification, physical photoprotection and sunscreen use are parts of primary photoprotection. Secondary photoprotection is the use of agents or ingredients that serve to reduce the adverse effects of sunlight reaching the skin. Examples of secondary photoprotection are antioxidants. Antioxidants are compounds that in low levels react with oxidized substrates by providing electrons. These compounds can prevent and neutralize the negative impact of ROS on the skin due to UVB exposure, one of which is minimizing photoaging. UVB exposure can produce ROS that trigger erythema in subjects, the formation of DNA damage in the form of thymine dimers, the discovery of sunburn cells and can activate p53, and MMP-9 enzymes. Acute photodamage is characterized by the formation of sunburn cells and chronically can lead to malignancy. Photoprotection can be used to reduce these effects. One of the photoprotection efforts is the use of antioxidants, which are secondary photoprotective agents that prevent or repair skin damage caused by ROS. In previous studies, topical ingredients containing vitamin C, vitamin E, and ferulic acid have a photoprotective effect against UVB-induced skin photodamage characterized by decreased expression of thymine dimer and p53 in the skin. Various studies on the combined effects of antioxidant ingredients are still being developed. Currently, there is no research on the effect of topical ingredients containing various antioxidants, namely gluconolactone, hyaluronic acid, allantoin, ferulic acid, acetyl heptapeptide, silver vine extract, ectoine, and hydroxyectoine on skin photodamage. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct research on the effects of topical ingredients containing various antioxidants on the expression of thymine dimer and p53 in UVB-induced skin compared to vehiculum.

Inclusion criteria

• Males and females aged 18-60 years.
• Skin types III and IV according to Fitzpatrick.
• Normal back skin.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant and lactating women.
• History of photodermatosis, skin malignancies, skin diseases that can be exacerbated by light.
• History of sun exposure to the back area in the past two weeks.
• History of applying and taking antioxidants containing gluconolactone, hyaluronic acid, allantoin, ferulic acid, acetyl heptapeptide, silver vine extract, ectoine, and hydroxyectoine in the past 12 weeks.
• History of taking photosensitizer drugs (malaria drugs, analgesics, antidepressants, systemic fungal drugs, chemotherapy) in the past eight weeks.