Effect of PSSE on Spine Reposition Sensation in Scoliosis

Acumar™ Dual Inclinometer:

The subjects will be asked to stay at the reference position for three seconds and then move to the upright position and then go back to the reference angle with their eyes closed. The absolute difference between the two positions in degrees will be noted as the reposition error value. The decrease in the reposition error value is considered as the improvement in the reposition sense.

Visual Analogue Scale (VAS):

It is used to quantify the pain intensity of patients. The condition that there is no pain is expressed as 0, and the condition that there is too much pain to be tolerated is expressed as 10.

"PostureScreen Mobile" Application:

Frontal and sagittal plan posture evaluation will be calculated by marking the reference points on the anterior, posterior and lateral photographs of the patient in "PostureScreen Mobile" application. The total displacement values in the anterior, posterior and lateral directions for postural impairment will be noted in "cm". Decreasing the total displacement values is considered as an improvement in postural parameters.

Posterior Trunk Asymmetry Index (POTSI):

The Posterior Trunk Asymmetry Index parameter is defined as the sum of the six indices: the three frontal plane asymmetry index (C7, axilla folds and waist lines) and the three frontal plane height difference index (acromions, axilla folds and waist lines). The Posterior Trunk Asymmetry Index score is calculated by placing the indices on the posterior photo of the patient. The Posterior Trunk Asymmetry Index score, which represents full symmetry, is '0' and the increase in score indicates increased trunk asymmetry.

Anterior Trunk Asymmetry Index (ATSI):

It is defined as the sum of the six indices determined on the patient's anterior photo: three frontal plane asymmetry indices (stern notch, axilla folds and waist lines) and three frontal plane plane height difference indices (acromions, axilla folds and waist lines). The Anterior Trunk Asymmetry Index score is calculated by placing the indices in the formula. The Anterior Trunk Asymmetry Index score, which represents full symmetry, is '0' and the increase in score indicates increased trunk asymmetry.

The Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRVAS):

It is designed to understand the visual change caused by scoliosis and evaluates deformity under 7 headings. There are 5 different pictures that show different degrees of deformity. Each deformity is scored from 1 to 5; "1" is the best, "5" is the worst. The total score is obtained by summing the scores from all titles and dividing them by 7. The score ranges from 1 to 5, and a higher total score means that the perceived deformity is worse.

Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory:

This inventory consists of two forms: child and family. Both forms included physical functions (8 items), emotional functions (5 items), social functions (5 items) and school functions (5 items). Scoring is done between 0-5 for each question. The total score of the inventory ranges between 0-100 points. The higher the score represents better the health-related quality of life.

Scoliosis Research Society-22 Questionnaire (SRS-22):

The questionnaire assesses five domains: function, pain, personal image, mental health (five questions each) and treatment satisfaction (two questions). Each question is scored between 1 (worst) and 5 (best). In the interrogation whose total score ranged from 22 to 111, the high score indicates that the quality of life for scoliosis is better.