Effect of Premeal Protein-bar on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Forty subjects with type 2 diabetes will be recruited. Every subject will be randomized in two groups, which are premeal protein bar with dietary modification group and dietary modification only group. The study will be conducted for 12 weeks for each participants. All participants will receive diabetes diet education. Intervention group will consume protein-enriched bar before each meals (at least twice a day) and control group will follow diabetes diet education without other additional supplements. Primary outcome is change of HbA1c from baseline for 12 weeks, and secondary outcomes are changes of fasting blood glucose level, body weight, waist circumference, blood lipid level, HOMA-IR and HOMA-beta from baseline for 12 weeks.

Inclusion criteria

• BMI 18.5~35 kg/m2
• Type 2 diabetes patients
• Fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl or
• HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or
• Subjects who were previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and who have been treated with lifestyle modification only, oral anti-diabetic drugs or basal insulin.

Exclusion criteria

• HbA1c < 6.5% or > 10%
• Subjects using insulin other than basal insulin
• Subjects who have newly started or have changed anti diabetic drugs within 3 months
• Subjects who are allergic to grains, nuts, legumes and milk
• Previous history of gastrointestinal surgery (except for hemorrhoid surgery, appendectomy surgery and hernia surgery)
• Subjects with chronic unstable disease
• Subjects with cognitive impairments who are not able to follow the study protocol
• Females who are pregnant or doing breast feeding
• Subjects with Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels of higher than 3 times of upper normal ranges
• Subjects with hemoglobin level of less than 10.0 g/dL
• Subjects with alcohol addiction or drug abuse