Effect of Nutrition Ingredients on Microbiota Modulation

Inclusion criteria

• Subjects willing and able to give written informed consent and to understand, to participate and to comply with the clinical study requirements;
• Be between 20 and 50 years of age;
• Has a BMI of between 18.5 - 30 Kg/m2;
• Has a stable body weight (< 5% change) over the past 3-months;
• Is in general good health, as determined by the investigator;
• Willing to avoid consuming dietary supplements, prebiotic, probiotic, dietary or fibre rich supplements within 4 weeks prior to baseline visit, until the end of the study;
• Willing to avoid liver consumption during the intervention
• Maintain current level of physical activity;
• Women of child-bearing potential using a non-hormonal contraceptive (e.g. IUD);
• Willing to consume the investigational product daily for the duration of the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Females are pregnant, lactating or wish to become pregnant during the study.
• Are hypersensitive to any of the components of the test product;
• Has taken antibiotics within the previous 3 months;
• Has a history of drug and/or alcohol abuse at the time of enrolment;
• Consumes greater than 2 servings/day of alcohol (e.g. >28 g ethanol/day);
• Is a smoker;
• Has made any major dietary changes in the past 3 months;
• Subject is planning a sun or ski holiday over the duration of the study;
• Planned major changes in life style (i.e. diet, dieting, exercise level, travelling) during the duration of the study;
• Has an eating disorder;
• Is vegetarian/vegan diet or has food allergies or other issues with foods that would preclude intake of the study products;
• Is using fibre supplements or enemas;
• Has a high fiber diet (i.e. >30 g) based on FFQ;
• Has an active gastrointestinal disorder or previous gastrointestinal surgery,
• If taking chronic medications (e.g., anti-hypertensive medications), they must have been taking the product for at least two months prior to screening and agree to maintain the same dosage throughout the study;
• Has a metabolic, psychiatric, or gastrointestinal disease (i.e., diarrhoea, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, stomach or duodenal ulcers, diabetes, hepatitis, HIV, cancer, etc.), with a history of such diseases;
• Are severely immunocompromised (HIV positive, transplant patient, on antirejection medications, on a steroid for >30 days, or chemotherapy or radiotherapy within the last year);
• Experiences alarm features such as weight loss, rectal bleeding, recent change in bowel habit (<3 months) or abdominal pain;
• Have a malignant disease or any concomitant end-stage organ disease;
• Individuals who, in the opinion of the investigator, are considered to be poor attendees or unlikely for any reason to be able to comply with the trial;
• Subjects may not be receiving treatment involving experimental drugs. If the subject has been in a recent experimental trial, these must have been completed not less than 60 days prior to this study.