Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Postprandial Mood

Inclusion criteria

• Healthy as assessed by the health and lifestyle questionnaire, (P9334 F02; in Dutch)
• Females aged 18-45 years at Day 01 of the study
• Taking a monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill at Day 01 of the study, with 21 days of taking pills with active ingredients followed by 7 days taking no pills or continuous intake of the oral contraceptive pill
• Body Mass Index (BMI) of 18.5-27 kg/m2
• Body weight between 57 and 80 kg
• Normal Dutch eating habits as assessed by P9334 F02
• Alcohol consumption ≥ 3 and ≤ 21 standard units/week
• Voluntary participation
• Having given written informed consent
• Willing to comply with the study procedures, including refrain from alcohol 24 h before the test days and refrain from caffeine during the afternoon of the test day
• Appropriate veins for blood sampling/cannula insertion according to TNO
• Willing to accept use of all nameless data, including publication, and the confidential use and storage of all data for at least 15 years
• Willing to accept the disclosure of the financial benefit of participation in the study to the authorities concerned

Exclusion criteria

• Participation in any clinical trial including blood sampling and/or administration of substances up to 90 days before Day 01 of this study.
• Having a history of medical or surgical events or disease that may significantly affect the study outcome, particularly physiological disorders, or psychiatric, metabolic or endocrine disease and gastrointestinal disorders.
• Use of medication that may affect the outcome of the study parameters (e.g. antidepressive drugs).
• Having a family history of alcoholism
• Having a history of alcohol or drug related problems
• Smoking
• Reported unexplained weight loss or gain of > 2 kg in the month prior to the pre-study screening
• Reported slimming or medically prescribed diet
• Reported vegan, vegetarian or macrobiotic
• Recent blood donation (<1 month prior to the start of the study)
• Not willing to give up blood donation during the study.
• Pregnant (to their own knowledge) or lactating or wishing to become pregnant in the period of the study
• Personnel of TNO Zeist, their partner and their first and second degree relatives
• Not having a general practitioner
• Not willing to accept information-transfer concerning participation in the study, or information regarding her health, like laboratory results, findings at anamnesis or physical examination and eventual adverse events to and from his general practitioner.