Effect of Fenugreek and Cumin Powder on Overweight and Obese People

Obesity is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and is characterized by an increased fat deposition in adipose tissue and other internal organs .

Obesity leads to the development of insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, cancer, respiratory disease, and osteoarthritis. The World Obesity Atlas 2022 predicts that one billion people globally, including 1 in 5 women and 1 in 7 men, will be living with obesity by 2030.

Pakistan ranks tenth out of 188 countries, with 50% of population overweight or obese Several studies have investigated the effect of fenugreek and cumin supplementation on anthropometric measures but the findings have been inconsistent. Only few studies directly focused on powder supplementation. The study aims to investigate the effect of fenugreek and cumin powder supplementation on body measurements for weight loss. This will help in developing a rather inexpensive, herbal mixture for weight loss.

Galactomannan present in fenugreek capture and excrete sugars from body before it moves in the blood, this causes the loss of weight The percent gain in body weight was significantly low in groups supplemented with fenugreek Cumin improves anthropometric indices in overweight. Cumin powder reduced weight, Body Mass Index[BMI], waist circumference, fat mass and percentage significantly.

This study consists of following phases Phase 1: Fenugreek and cumin powder preparation Phase 2: 30 Participants will be recruited after filling the consent form and screened through a questionnaire throughout the university. Individuals with Body Mass Index[BMI] >23kg/m2, Waist-Hip-Ratio >0.8 will be recruited in the study after fulfilling the criterion (patients of thyroid, Polycystic ovary syndrome[PCOS], Hypertension[HTN] will be excluded). Participants not following any fitness regime or specific diet will be recruited further. Baseline body measurements will be taken by inbody analyzer. They will be given powder packed in packets to be used for 8 weeks twice a day before breakfast and dinner. Experimental Design : Overweight and obese adults will be assigned to two groups ( Intervention group and control). Participants will be requested to record the following information daily: Consumption of FCP( fenugreek cumin powder) and any side effects if experienced after consumption.

The control group will not receive powder or any other intervention. Phase 3: Measurements will be taken after intervention

Statistical Analysis:

Microsoft excel will be used for data coding. Descriptive analysis will be done by using SPSS[Statistical Package for Social Sciences] version 23( SPSS for windows version 23; SPSS Inc., Chicago).

Independent sample t-test and Pearson chi-square will be performed to compare the treatment and control groups. P value < 0.05 will be considered significant for all analysis.

Inclusion criteria

• overweight and obese( BMI>23 kg/m^2)

Exclusion criteria

• pregnant women
• Thyroid
• PCOS
• HTN
• fitness regime
• specific diet