Effect of Expiratory Muscle Strength in Patients With Bronchiectasis

Respiratory muscle function will be assessed by measuring maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) in the sitting position using a mouth pressure device (MEC PFT Systems Pocket-Spiro).

Modified Medical Council Dyspnea score will rate the sensation of dyspnea as the person perceives it.The severity of dyspnea is rated on a scale of 0 to 4."0 point" means no dyspnea perception and "4 point" means severe dyspnea perception.

This is a short questionnaire that assesses quality of life, particularly for chronic cough. It is relatively easy to administer. The Leicester Cough Questionnaire consists of nineteen questions assessing three different areas: physical, social, and psychological. Scores for the LCQ include mean scores for each domain (ranging from 1 to 7) and a total score calculated as the sum of the domain scores (ranging from 3 to 21). Higher scores indicate better quality of life.

The Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI) will be used to determine disease severity. This index examines nine parameters: age, body mass index, % predicted FEV1, hospitalizations due to exacerbations in the last 2 years, number of exacerbations in the previous year, level of dyspnea, colonization by Pseudomaonas and other microorganisms, and radiological findings. These scores classify patients into mild (0-4 points), moderate (5-8 points), and severe (9 points and above) groups and identify patients at risk of death, hospitalization and exacerbations.

This is a 14-item scale developed by Zigmond and Snaith. Seven of these items assess anxiety symptoms, and seven assess depression symptoms. The items in the scale are assessed using a 4-point Likert scale and are based on a scoring system ranging from 0 to 3. Scores range from 0 to 21 for each subscale and can be summed to yield a total anxiety-depression score of up to 42. Higher scores indicate increased symptom severity, while a cut-off score of 8 indicates high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms.

Individuals' fatigue levels will be assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The FSS consists of 9 questions scored on a 7-point Likert scale, indicating a perceived level of fatigue that may require medical attention. It is a valid and reliable instrument, with a score of 7 being associated with greater fatigue.

It is used to evaluate respiratory functions. It is evaluated with a spirometer. Forced vital capacity (FVC): the maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after fully inhaling. It can be recorded in percentages or liters.

It is used to evaluate respiratory functions. It is evaluated with a spirometer. First-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1): the amount of air that can be exhaled with force in 1 second. It can be recorded in percentages or liters.

It is used to evaluate respiratory functions. It is evaluated with a spirometer. It is calculated by dividing FEV1 by FVC. It is expressed as a percentage.