Effect of Epidural Steroid Injection on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women

Glucocorticoids reduce bone formation and increase bone loss via a variety of mechanisms. This effect has been shown to be dose-dependent. Doses as low as 10mg of Prednisone, has been shown to lower bone density over periods as short as 20 weeks, an effect which may be prevented with use of Calcium and Vitamin D. Inhaled Tramcinilone has also been shown to lead to dose-related loss of bone at the hip in premenopausal women. Clinic visits will be arranged for recruited patients at baseline and then at 3 and 6 months after the ESI and at any time for new-onset or severe back pain. During the initial visit, consent will be obtained, patient will be given details on the study design and rationale, severity and characteristics of back pain. Epidural corticosteroid injection (ESI) has been shown to decrease pain, speed return of function, and improve neurological signs in patients presenting with low back pain.

Inclusion criteria

Patients with low back pain and have consented to ESI. Age 55 and 5 years postmenopausal Caucasian women.

Exclusion criteria

• any women who doesn't meet the inclusion criteria
• Women with history of a disease affection bone turnover
• Women taking any drugs known to influence bone metabolism
• Women who had smoked within the preceding year
• Women with abnormal serum thyrotropin concentration, or high parathyroid hormone concentratons.
• Women who had received more than two short courses (lasting 2 weeks or less) of oral or parenteral glucocorticoids in the preceding year or any oral or pareneteral or local (intraarticular, paraspinal,...) or inhaled glucocorticoids in the preceding year
• Women diagnosed with osteoporosis (T score<=2.5) on baseline DXA or had history of osteoportic fracture.
• Pregnant women
• Severe scoliosis -