Effect of Dry Needling on Insulin Resistance in Obese Post Menopausal Women

Insulin resistance and abdominal obesity have a negative impact on quality of life of postmenopausal women. Obesity and, more specifically, the level of intra-abdominal fat, are positively associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease risk factors such as increased plasma lipids and lipoproteins, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. This study has shown associations among menopause, body fat, and body fat distribution, suggesting that increased abdominal fat distribution could partially mediate the increased cardiovascular disease risk of postmenopausal women .

Abdominal obesity can reflect excess of visceral fat tissue or subcutaneous or both. Visceral fat contributes to the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is an impaired condition of glucose absorption that induced by insulin .It represents a significant medical and socioeconomic issue impacting women's health and quality of life. So there is clinical experience and documentation for the effectiveness of Dry Needling in the treatment of insulin resistance in obese post-menopausal women.

Inclusion criteria

• • All participants post-menopausal from at least 3 years.

• All participants' ages will be ranged from 48-60 years old.
• All participants BMI will exceed 25-30 kg/m2.
• All participants waist hip ratio will be equal or more than 0, 90.

Exclusion criteria

• • Surgical liposuction within the last 12 months.

• Untreated hypo- or hyperthyroidism.
• Uncontrolled liver, kidney or cardiovascular disease or diabetes.
• Implanted pacemaker or metal implant.
• History of thrombophlebitis, any hematological disease.
• No past or present neurological and musculoskeletal disorders that will have affected health condition.
• No smoking and drinking habits.
• No psychological problems.