Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Central Nervous System Complications in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

• Observing the effect of intraoperative use of dexmedetomidine on the incidence of postoperative anxiety and depression in patients undergoing cardiac surgery;
• Observe the effects of intraoperative use of dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium, quality of life, pain scores, and sleep quality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery;
• To provide a feasible plan for preventing and treating postoperative anxiety and depression in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, improve the quality of patient prognosis, and reduce the burden on society.

Inclusion criteria

• Age range from 18 to 85 years old, regardless of gender
• Patients who undergo cardiac surgery on a scheduled basis;
• ASA level 1-4;
• Obtain written informed consent form;

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with MMSE scores less than 18 or dementia, intellectual disability, and inability to communicate (coma, severe dementia, hearing or language impairment);
• Have a history of mental or neurological disorders (such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, or severe myasthenia gravis);
• Previous history of brain injury;
• Severe liver dysfunction (Child pugh C-grade) or renal insufficiency (preoperative dialysis);
• Severe bradycardia (heart rate below 50 beats per minute), pathological sinus syndrome, or atrioventricular block without a pacemaker;
• Postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) duration exceeding 7 days or death;