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NCT Number: NCT07266870

Effect of CORE on Knowledge and Attitude Levels Regarding Pain Assessment

CORE is an assessment tool that uses written scenarios designed to address problems that students may encounter in real clinical settings. These scenarios are presented at different stations. It enables educators to conduct more objective evaluations during the learning process, contributing to effective learning by providing students with immediate feedback. This research will examine the effect of CORE on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain assessment. The study will be conducted using a randomised controlled experimental design. The study population will consist of senior nursing students taking the Nursing Professional Practice II course in the spring semester of the 2025/26 academic year at a nursing department in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey (n = 100). The sample for the study will consist of students who agree to participate in the research. Students will be randomized into intervention and control groups based on their pre-test knowledge scores. Research data will be collected using the "Personal Information Form" "Pain Knowledge Test", "Nursing Students' Attitudes Scale Toward Pain Assessment" and "CORE Satisfaction Form". Approval from the ethical committee has been obtained for the research to be conducted, and written permission has been requested from the institution in which the research will take place. Before starting the research, students will be informed about it and asked to provide written informed consent. Students in the intervention group will perform the CORE application on tablets using case scenarios prepared for pain assessment in the Nursing Skills Laboratory. Data collection tools will be administered three times: pre-test, post-test, and retention test. Only the "CORE Satisfaction Form" will be administered to students in the intervention group to assess their satisfaction after the CORE application. Descriptive statistics and the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for dependent groups will be used in the analysis of the data.

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Key information

Conditions

Nursing Education Behavior

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Çankırı Karatekin University

Çankırı, 18200, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Study procedure:

  • Research data will be collected from students enrolled on the Practice II course of the Nursing Profession programme during the spring semester of the 2025/26 academic year. The following tests and questionnaires will be administered as pre-tests before the topic is explained during the first week of the semester's face-to-face theoretical training:
  • A "Personal Information Form"
  • A "Pain Knowledge Test"
  • The "Nursing Students' Attitudes Toward Pain Assessment Scale" Pain and CORE training will then be provided.
  • Before the study begins, students will be informed about it and their written informed consent will be obtained.
  • The intervention and control groups will be randomised based on their pre-test knowledge scores using www.randomizer.org.

Following randomisation, intervention group students will use the CORE application on a tablet with case scenarios prepared for pain assessment in the Nursing Skills Laboratory on the fifth day after theoretical training.

One day after implementation, both groups will take the 'Pain Knowledge Test' and the 'Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Assessment Scale' again, this time as a post-test. The 'CORE Satisfaction Form' will be given to the intervention group to measure their satisfaction with the CORE experience.

  • Two weeks after the CORE implementation, both groups will take the 'Pain Knowledge Test' and the 'Nursing Students' Attitudes Towards Pain Assessment Scale' again, this time as a retention test to assess knowledge retention and attitude levels.

After the data collection phase of the study is complete, CORE will also be administered to the control group.

  • Before implementation, a pilot study will be conducted with five students from outside the target group to assess the clarity of the data collection forms and the length of the CORE scenarios.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Volunteering to participate in research
  • Taking the Nursing Professional Courses Practicum II course
  • Participating in pain education
  • Participating in CORE training

Exclusion criteria

  • Not attending training
  • Not completing data collection tools

Treatment and study plan

CORE application

Behavioral

Case scenarios prepared for pain assessment will be applied to the intervention group students as CORE application.

Primary outcomes

  1. 1. Differences of knowledge scores between groups

    Time frame: To assess their knowledge levels, the pretest was administered in the first week, the posttest in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and the retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.

    Pre-test, post-test and retention tests were applied to measure the level of knowledge. The 'Pain Knowledge Test', which was prepared by the researchers, will be used to assess knowledge levels. The test consists of ten questions. It will be marked out of 100. Test scores obtained at three different times will be compared. Higher post-test and retention test scores than pre-test scores suggest an increase in knowledge.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Differences in Attitude Scores Towards Pain Assessment Between Groups

    Time frame: To assess attitudes, a pre-test was administered in the first week, a post-test in the second week (1 day after the CORE application), and a retention test in the fourth week. Total duration: 4 weeks.

    Pre-test, post-test and retention tests were applied to measure attitudes. The "Nursing Students' Attitudes Scale Toward Pain Assessment" scale will be used to evaluate students' attitudes towards pain assessment. The scale consists of 15 items and two subfactors. Factor 1 represents the importance of pain assessment, while Factor 2 represents the interest subscale. The minimum possible score is 15, and the maximum possible score is 75. As the scale score increases, so do nursing students' positive attitudes towards pain assessment.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Çankırı Karatekin University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of CORE on Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitude Levels Regarding Pain Assessment: Randomized Controlled Trial

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Dec 5, 2025
Registry last updated
Mar 18, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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