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NCT Number: NCT07067580

Effect of Breathing Exercise on Pain and Quality of Recovery in After Transplantation Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The researchers will fill out the "Patient Introduction Form" for the patients who agreed to participate in the study after obtaining permission from the experimental group with the "Informed Consent Form" the day before the surgery. The breathing exercises will be taught and monitored by the researchers, and the researcher who will implement them is a nurse in the general surgery department. The experimental group will be trained on breathing exercises by the researcher the day before the surgery. The patients will be provided with 1 set (4 breaths) per hour of breathing exercises after the surgery. The patient's vital signs will be monitored before and after the breathing exercise. Patients will not have difficulty during the breathing exercise, and they will be provided with gradual interventions. Pain status will be monitored at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours during the 24-hour hospital stay. The recovery quality scale will be applied on the 1st and 3rd day after surgery. In the control group, after obtaining permission with the "Informed Consent Form" the day before the surgery, the patients who agreed to participate in the study will fill out the "Patient Introduction Form" by the researchers, and their pain status will be monitored at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours during the 24-hour hospital stay after the surgery. The recovery quality scale will be applied on the 1st and 3rd day after surgery. No intervention will be made to the patients in the control group, and they will be provided with routine nursing care provided in the hospital.

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Key information

Conditions

Transplantation Agnosia Nervous System Diseases Neurobehavioral Manifestations Neurologic Manifestations Pain Management Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Perceptual Disorders Quality of Recovery 40 Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University

Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Tuba Yılmazer, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

05079552804

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients aged 18 and over, 65 and under,
  • Those who have had a transplant for the first time,
  • Patients who volunteer to participate in the study will be included in the study.

Exclusion criteria

  • Hemodynamically unstable,
  • Those who may experience physical strain during breathing exercises and have a disease that may cause increased intra-abdominal pressure (e.g. bleeding hemorrhoids, hernias of all kinds, persistent cough, severe back pain, heart diseases, high blood pressure, urinary incontinence, epilepsy),
  • Those with early complications
  • Those with neurological or psychological problems,
  • Those who were transferred to the intensive care unit after surgery,
  • Emergency and unplanned cases will be excluded from the scope of the research.

Treatment and study plan

Respiratory exercise

Other

The experimental group will be trained on respiratory exercises by the researcher the day before the surgery. The patients will be asked to perform the post-operative respiratory exercises as 1 set (4 breaths) per hour. The patient's vital signs will be monitored before and after the respiratory exercise. Patients will not have difficulty during the respiratory exercise, they will be asked to do it gradually.

Primary outcomes

  1. visual analog scale

    Time frame: postoperative 2,6,12,24 hours

    The scale consists of a 10 cm long horizontal line and the score is determined by measuring the distance between the leftmost end of the scale and the point marked by the patient. The score range from 0 to 10 on this scale and higher scores indicate increased pain severity.

  2. Quality of Recovery-40

    Time frame: postoperative 1 and 3 days

    It was developed by Myles et al. (2000) and its Turkish validity and reliability were conducted by Karaman et al. (2014). The questionnaire consists of 40 items and five sub-dimensions as 'Emotional State, Physical Comfort, Patient Support, Physical Independence, and Pain'. Each item in the questionnaire is scored on a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 to 5. This classification is as follows: 1= Never, 2= Sometimes, 3= Usually, 4= Most of the time, 5= Always. The total score obtained from the scale varies between 40 and 200. An increase in the score obtained from the questionnaire indicates that the physical and emotional well-being of the patients increases in the postoperative period; a decrease indicates that the physical and emotional well-being of the patients is negatively affected (Myles et al. 2000; Karaman et al. 2014). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was determined as 0.936 (Karaman et al. 2014).

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Tuba Yilmazer, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

5079552804

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Jul 16, 2025
Registry last updated
Dec 15, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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