Effect of Bobath Therapy on Balance Alterations in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

It assesses balance in six items (biomechanical restrictions, stability and verticality limits, anticipatory postural adjustments, postural responses, sensory orientation, and gait stability). It has excellent inter- and intra-observer reliability and construct validity in stroke patients. Furthermore, the items on anticipatory postural adjustments and sensory orientation are highly correlated with the risk of falls in this type of pathology.

It assesses the risk of falls. It allows the measurement of functional movement. It has excellent inter- and intra-observer reliability and good construct validity. A test duration of more than 13.5 seconds is associated with an elevated risk of falls

It is one of the most widely used balance scales because it measures the limits of stability in standing. It also identifies limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) and indicates the risk of falls. The final FRT score is the distance between the initial and final positions. Results of less than 25 cm indicate a limitation in ADLs and a risk of falls.

The MFIS uses a multidimensional approach with cognitive, physical, and psychosocial components. It consists of approximately 21 items in the form of questions related to the patient's feeling of fatigue. The maximum possible score is 84, with higher scores indicating a greater impact on quality of life.

The Spanish version of the MusiQoL questionnaire appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring quality of life in MS patients in Spain and is a useful tool for measuring health-related quality of life in the clinical setting. The MusiQoL is a questionnaire used to assess quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis. To score, the responses to the items are added together to obtain a total score, which can range from 0 to 100. The higher the score, the higher the perception of quality of life.

A static analysis of pressure distribution will be performed with the patient standing, differentiating between forefoot and hindfoot loads, and between the right and left feet, as well as by quadrant, and quantifying the deviation from the center of pressure position. A dynamic analysis will be performed during gait, recording contact time, average pressure, and the time/contact integral. Several studies demonstrate the use of pedometric platforms to assess and improve gait and balance disorders in patients with MS. The Neo-plate pressure platform can measure mean and maximum pressures in kPa, stabilometry and oscillation data of the center of pressure in mm/s and the force exerted by the foot during walking in kg.

It is a quantitative method for the assessment and treatment of balance disorders. It is based on the use of dynamometric platforms that measure the displacement of the center of pressure by collecting the sensors located on it, the different pressure stimuli exerted by the subject's body in different static and dynamic situations and is considered by several authors as the gold standard for the study of postural control.