Effect of Albiglutide, When Added to Standard Blood Glucose Lowering Therapies, on Major Cardiovascular Events in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Time to MACE defined as the time to first occurrence of Cardiovascular Endpoint Committee (CEC)-adjudicated MACE (CV death, myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke) was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the CV follow-up time period. The analysis was performed on the Intent to Treat (ITT) Population which comprised of all randomized participants excluding participants who did not provide consent.

Time to first occurrence of CEC-adjudicated MACE (CV death, MI or stroke) or urgent revascularization for unstable angina was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the CV follow-up time period.

Time to adjudicated CV death was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the CV follow-up time period.

Time to first occurrence of adjudicated MI was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the CV follow-up time period.

Time to first occurrence of adjudicated stroke was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the CV follow-up time period.

Time to first occurrence of adjudicated CV death or hospitalization for HF was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the CV follow-up time period.

Time to initiation of insulin of more than 3 months duration in participants not treated with insulin at study start was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the on-therapy and post-therapy AE time period. The analysis was performed on Non-Insulin Population which comprised of participants in the ITT Population who were not on insulin at Baseline.

Time to initiation of prandial insulin in those participants on basal insulin at study start was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the on-therapy and post-therapy AE time period. The analysis was performed on Basal Insulin Population which comprised of participants in the ITT Population who were on basal insulin but not on other insulin at Baseline (i.e., will not include a participant on a mixed insulin or on a prandial-only insulin).

Percentage of participants achieving composite metabolic endpoint defined as the percentage of participants achieving glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <=7% ) with no severe hypoglycemic incidents and weight gain < 5%. Final Assessment is the latest post-Baseline assessment of both HbA1c and weight.

Clinically important microvascular events were defined as the following: need for renal transplant or dialysis, new diabetes-related blindness, and procedures (laser photocoagulation or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment or vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy/eye disease). Time to first occurrence of a clinically important microvascular event was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants with at least 1 event)/first event person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. First event person-years=(cumulative total time to first event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the on-therapy and post-therapy AE time period.

Change from Baseline in HbA1c was analyzed using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) including observed case data (does not impute any missing data). Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value. Change from Baseline in HbA1c using Baseline data from Local or Central Laboratory, and post-Baseline Central Laboratory data is presented.

Change from Baseline in body weight was analyzed using mixed model repeated measures including observed case data (does not impute any missing data). Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value.

The TRIM-D is a 28 item treatment satisfaction measure with 5 domains assessing Treatment Burden, Daily Life, Diabetes Management, Compliance and Psychological Health. The raw score ranges for each subscale were: treatment burden (6 to 30), daily life (5 to 25), diabetes management (5 to 25), compliance (4 to 20) and psychological health (8 to 40), higher scores indicating better health state. Total raw score was determined by summing the raw scores for each of the subscales and the total score (transformed) was determined as [(raw score minus lowest possible raw score)/possible raw score range] x100. The possible total (transformed) score range is 0-100, where higher scores indicated better health state. Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value.

The EQ-5D is a standardized instrument used to evaluate generic health-related quality of life, comprising 5 domains: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. It provides a simple descriptive profile and a single index value for health status. The EQ-5D self-reported questionnaire includes a visual analog scale (VAS), which records the respondent's self-rated health status on a graduated (0-100) scale, where 0 represents the worst imaginable health state and 100 represents the best imaginable health state. Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value.

Time to death was analyzed using a Cox Proportional Hazards regression model with treatment group as the only covariate. The incidence rate per 100 person years (100*number of participants who died/endpoint person-years) is presented along with 95% confidence interval. Endpoint person-years=(cumulative total time to event for participants who have the event+cumulative total of censored time for participants without the event)/365.25, based on the Vital Status follow-up time period.

SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose: results in death; is life-threatening; requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; results in disability/incapacity; is a congenital anomaly/birth defect; other important medical events that may not be immediately life-threatening or result in death or hospitalization but may jeopardize the participant or may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the other outcomes listed before; is associated with liver injury and impaired liver function. Number of participants with on-therapy non-fatal SAEs are presented. Safety Population comprised of all randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment.

The number of participants with on-therapy AEs leading to discontinuation of investigational product is reported.

The protocol defined AEs of special interest included: development of thyroid cancer; hematologic malignancy; pancreatic cancer; pancreatitis (investigator reported and pancreatitis positively adjudicated by the Pancreatic Adjudication Committee [PAC]); investigational product injection site reactions; immunological reactions; severe hypoglycemic events; hepatic events; hepatic enzyme elevations (including gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT]); serious gastrointestinal (GI) events; appendicitis; atrial fibrillation/flutter; pneumonia; worsening renal function and diabetic retinopathy. The number of participants with on-therapy AEs of special interest is reported.

Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum creatinine. Serum creatinine values were used to calculate eGFR using the MDRD formula, eGFR=175 x (serum creatinine)^-1.154 x (Age)^-0.203 x (0.742 if female) x (1.212 if African American). Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value. Change from Baseline in eGFR using Baseline data from Local or Central Laboratory, and post-Baseline Central Laboratory data for the on-treatment time period is presented.

Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were taken with the participant in a semi-recumbent or seated position after at least a 5-minute rest period. Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value.

Heart rate was measured with the participant in a semi-recumbent or seated position after at least a 5-minute rest period. Baseline is the last non-missing value assessed on or before treatment start date. Change from Baseline is the value at specified time point minus the Baseline value.